From en.wiktionary.org:
[-work]
** English
[wikipedia]
*** Alternative forms
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Pronunciation
- [wûrk] , [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Etymology 1
[en] [en] From [en], [enm], from [en], from [en], from [en], from [en].
Akin to [sco], [stq], [fy], [nl], [de], [nds-de], [da], [nb], [nn], [sv], [sv]
and [sv], [is], [got], [grc] (from [grc]), [ae], [hy], [sq], [ru]. English
cognates include [en], [en], [en], [en], [en], [en], [en], [en], [en], [en].
[en].
**** Noun
[~]
1. [en] Employment .
1. Labour , occupation , job .
2. * [III]
3. * [2 Chronicles]
4. * [XXXIII]
5. The place where one is employed.
6. [en] One's employer.
7. [en] A factory ; a works .
8. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1917 | title=Platers' Guide | page=246
|passage=In trials of a Martin furnace in a steel WORK at Remscheiden,
Germany, a lining of zirconia was found in good condition after [...]}}
1. [en] Effort .
1. Effort expended on a particular task.
2. Sustained effort to overcome obstacle s and achieve a result .
3. * [I]
4. Something on which effort is expended.
1. [en] [plastic surgery] .
2. * [en-GB]
3. <!-- [en] --> [en] Prison gang violence.
<!--### [Note to editors: It is neither practical nor necessary to record
every possible synecdochal meaning in a dictionary (so no need to listcruft
them all); but some of them are salient enough in speech to be worth entering
(for example, work as plastic surgery). Any such synecdoche whose referent is
obvious within context (for example, "the plumber did some work last week" =
plumbing work) and is irrelevant outside its context is a garden-variety one
that needs no dict def. In contrast, ones like "work" as plastic surgery have
more of an idiomatic "life of their own" (across contexts) than that.-->
1. [en] [en] A measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force times distance . No work is done if the object does not move .
2. [en] A measure of energy that is usefully extracted from a process: applied productive ly.
3. * [en]
1. Product ; the result of effort .
1. [en] The result of a particular manner of production.
2. [en] Something produced using the specified material or tool.
3. [en] A literary , artistic , or intellectual production ; a creative work .
4. * [III]
5. * [book=1]
6. * {{ RQ:Hough Purchase Price | chapter=I
|passage=“[…] We are engaged in a great WORK, a treatise on our river
fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of
amanuenses in this simple republic?[...]”}}
1. [en] A fortification .
1. [en] The staging of events to appear as real.
2. [en] Ore before it is dress ed. [1]
3. [en] The equipment needed to inject a drug ( syringe s, needle s, swab s etc.)
4. * [year=1977]
5. * [en ]
6. * [en]
7. [en] The confident attitude of a drag queen .
8. * {{ quote-book | en | date=2018-04-17 | author=madison moore | title=Fabulous: The Rise of the Beautiful Eccentric | publisher=Yale University Press | isbn=9780300235074 | page=27
|text=All told, WERK is about creativity, virtuosity, and a certain kind of
mastery.}}
1. * {{ quote-book | en | date=2022-01-25 | author=Monique Jenkinson | title=Faux Queen: A Life in Drag | publisher=Bywater Books | isbn=9781612942223
|text=If the voice coming out of my body is legibly male, it complicates my
presence. The WORK starts to approach that mysterious state of WERQ.}}
***** Derived terms
{{col4|en|a woman's work is never done|gingerbread work|work rule|Abraham
work|Abram work|aerial work platform|all in a day's work|all work and no play
makes Jack a dull boy|attorney's work product|back-to-work order|Bantam
work|bell work|Berlin work|blood work|buhl
work|chamber-work|clincher-work|clinker-work|close enough for government
work|cold work|collar-work|completed staff work|creative work|detached
work|dimension work|earshell work|elevating work platform|equal pay for equal
work|differential piece work|knowledge work|nice work if you can get it|work
time|farm work|find work|functional work|get work done|gig work|go to
work|good enough for government work|have work done|hot work|orphan
work|orphaned work|outside work|picqué work|plain work|police work|primary
work|proof of work|put to work|resist work|right to work|rubbed
work|rustic-work|Sabrina work|sank work|secondary work|set to work|Sorrento
work|space work|stencil work|stoop work|strike work|stroke of work|
|summer-work|swash-work|tabernacle work|tap of work|the devil makes work for
idle hands,idle hands make work for the Devil,idle hands make work for the
devil,the Devil finds work for idle hands,the devil finds work for idle
hands,the Devil makes work for idle hands|thirsty work|tongue-work|Tula
work|tut-work|undeclared work|velvet work|voluntary work|war
work|welfare-to-work|wet work|work bowl|work dog|work envelope|work of
fiction|work of necessity|work order|work permit|work placement|work
product|work rage|work release|work shadowing|work shift|work triangle|work
unit|work zone|work-life balance |artwork|work farm|work front|work
function|work hardening|work
history|work-safe|work-study|work-to-rule|work-tool|yeoman's work|youth work
|at work|do a lot of work|ghost work|hard at work|hard work|honeycomb work|put
in the work|the Lord's work|work
management|work-a-day|work-athon|workathon|work-table|work-up|peace
work|peacework |basketwork |basket-work |basket work |beadwork |bitchwork|do
the work|show one's work |blue-collar work|castle-work |body of work |bodywork
|bookwork |boxwork|after-work |brainwork |brasswork |brassworks
|breastwork,breast-work|crowd work |bridgework |brightwork |brushwork
|busywork |busy-work |busy work |candleworks |canework |casework |chairwork
|charmwork |charm-work |charm work |checkerwork |chequerwork|community
work|trellis work|trellis-work |classwork |clockwork |coachwork |cobwork
|coursework |course work |craftwork |crewelwork |cribwork |crownwork |cutwork
|cut work |daywork |day-work |day work |desk work,deskwork |derivative work
|detective work |dirty work |donkeywork |donkey-work |donkey work |dreamwork
|ductwork |dyework |dyeworks |earthwork |facework |falsework |fancywork
|fieldwork |field work |fingerwork |finger work |firework |fireworks |flatwork
|flushwork |footwork |formwork |framework |fretwork |frostwork |gaswork
|gasworks |glasswork |glassworks |glass-works |God's work |goldwork |good work
|good works |grillework |grillwork |groundwork |groupwork |gruntwork |grunt
work |guesswork |handiwork |hackwork |handwork |handywork |headwork |homework
|hornwork |housework |inwork |ironwork |ironworks |keywork |lacework
|laceworks |lacquerwork |lacwork |latticework |leafwork |leatherwork
|leatherworks |legwork |leg work |lifework |maid-of-all-work |make-work |mask
work |masterwork |mazework |meshwork |metalwork |metalworks |millwork
|millworks |needlework |network |nightwork |night work |nonwork |non-work
|openwork |open-work |out-of-work |out of work |outwork |overwork |paintwork
|paperwork |partwork |passagework |patchwork |piece of work |piecework
|piece-work |piece work |pilework |pink-collar work |pipework |plasterwork
|pokerwork |proudwork |public works |reference work |remote work |roadwork
|road work |rockwork |ropework |sale of work |saltwork |saltworks |scalework
|schoolwork |scratchwork |scrollwork |scutwork |scut work |seatwork |sex work
|shadow work |sheetwork |shellwork |shiftwork |shift work |shitwork
|silverwork |smelting works |social work |soapworks |spadework |spatterwork
|spellwork |spell-work |spell work |steelwork |steelworks |stockwork
|stonework |strapwork |streamwork |stream-work |streamworks |stream-works
|streetwork |stuccowork |stumpwork |tablework |taskwork |task-work |teamwork
|telework |tertiary work |timberwork |timework |time-work |time work
|trackwork |trelliswork |trenchwork |trimwork |trusswork |truss-work |trywork
|try-work |try work |underwork |upperworks |wagework |wandwork |wand-work
|wand work |waterwork |waterworks |water works |wattlework |waxwork |webwork
|westwork |wheelwork |white-collar work |whitework |wickerwork |wicker-work
|women's work |wonderwork |woodwork |woolwork |woolworks |workaround |workaday
|workbasket |workbench |workboat |workbook |workbox |workcamp |work-camp |work
camp |workday |work day |work environment |work ethic |work experience
|workface |workfare |workflow |workforce |work force |workfree |workgang
|workgirl |workgroup |workhome |workhorse |workhouse |work house |work husband
|work in process |work-in-process |work in progress |work-in-progress
|work-intensive |workiversary |work life |work-life |work of art |workless
|worklist |workload |workly |workman |work marriage |workmaster |work-master
|workmate |workmistress |work-mistress |workout |work party |workpeople
|workperson |workpiece |workplace |work platform |workroom |works |worksheet
|workshop |worksite |worksome |worksong |work song |workspace |work spouse
|workstand |workstation |work station |workstead |workstone |work-stone
|workstream |worktable |worktime |worktop |work train |workup |workweek
|workwear |workwise |workwoman |work wife|have one's work cut out|have one's
work cut out for one| inside work|job of work|lab work|life's work|line of
work|lump work|make hard work of|make light work of|make quick work of|make
short work of|make-work job|manual work|many hands make light work|mobile
elevating work platform|narrow work|nulled work|office work
|adzework|allwork|antiwork|backwork|badgework|bagwork|bandwork|basswork|bedwork|benchwork|blackwork|bladework|blockwork|bloodwork|blotchwork|bobbinwork|bonework|borderwork|botchwork|Bowenwork|braidwork|branchwork|buhlwork|bushwork|bywork|cagework|carework|catchwork|chainwork|checkwork|chordwork|churchwork|codework|cofferwork|coldwork|colorwork|copperwork|cornicework|counterwork|crowdwork|deadwork|deedwork|diaperwork|drainwork|drudgework|earthenwork|earwork|edgework|enamelwork|endwork|fanwork|farmwork|featherwork|feltwork|figurework|filmwork|flamework|floorwork|fluework|flutework|frillwork|gardenwork|gatchwork|gearwork|gemwork|glovework|graphwork|gridwork|griefwork|grottowork|guitarwork|gunwork|gutterwork|hairwork|hatchwork|heelwork|Hellerwork|icework|inkwork|interwork|journeywork|knifework|knitwork|lampwork|lapwork|leadwork|lightwork|linework|lockwork|Looyenwork|mapwork|marblework|microwork|minework|mirrorwork|miswork|mousework|nearwork|neatwork|numberwork|padwork|pairwork|panelwork|peacework|pencilwork|penwork|pitchwork|playwork|plotwork|pointework|pointwork|policework|postwork|prework|punchwork|quickwork|quillwork|rackwork|ragwork|rangework|redwork|reedwork|ringwork|rootwork|rotework|roughwork|rubblework|runework|salework|sawnwork|scarletwork|screenwork|shopwork|sidework|siegework|silkwork|Sindhwork|sleuthwork|slopwork|smithwork|soundwork|sourcework|spearwork|speedwork|spindlework|splatterwork|splintwork|splitwork|spritework|spywork|stairwork|stepwork|stickwork|stitchwork|stop-work|studwork|stuntwork|swordwork|threadwork|tilework|tinwork|topwork|torchwork|tradework|trancework|trestlework|tubework|unwork|vasework|veinwork|voicework|weisure|wetwork|wifework|wirework|workability|workable|workaholic|workalcoholic|workalike|workamping|workathon|workbag|workboard|workboot|workcamper|workcation|workery|workfellow|workfolk|workful|workglove|workhand|workhour|workie|workish|worklet|worklike|workling|worklog|workloom|workname|worknight|workover|workpan|workpants|workpaper|workphobia|workphobic|workprint|workrate|workscreen|workseeker|workshare|workshed|workshift|workship|workshirt|workshoe|workshy|worksona|workstock|workstrand|workstyle|worksurface|worktext|worktool|workword|workworn|worky|workyard|wristwork|yardwork
}}
***** Descendants
- [pis]
***** Translations
[labour, employment, occupation, job] {{multitrans|data=
- Afrikaans: [af] , [af]
- Aghwan: [xag]
- Albanian: [sq] , [sq] (gheg)
- Amharic: [am]
- Andi: [ani]
- Arabic: [ar] , [ar] , [ar] , [ar]
- Aragonese: [an] , [an]
- Armenian: [hy] , [hy]
- Assamese: [as]
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: [aii] , [aii]
- Asturian: [ast]
- Atayal: [tay]
- Avar: [av]
- Azerbaijani: [az] , [az] , [az]
- Bashkir: [ba]
- Basque: [eu]
- Belarusian: [be] , [be]
- Bengali: [bn] , [bn]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Burmese: [my] , [my]
- Carpathian Rusyn: [rue] , [rue]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Cebuano: [ceb]
- Chechen: [ce]
- Chichewa: [ny]
- Chinese:
- Cia-Cia: [cia]
- Cornish: [kw] , [kw] , [kw] , [kw] , [kw]
- Czech: [cs] , [cs]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl] , [nl]
- East Central German: [gmw-ecg] , [gmw-ecg]
- Eastern Khanty: [kca-eas]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Estonian: [et]
- Ewe: [ee]
- Extremaduran: [ext]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [ 6 ] [fr] , [ 6 ] [fr]
- Friulian: [fur]
- Galician: [gl] , [gl]
- Georgian: [ka]
- German: [de]
- Gothic: [got]
- Greek: [el] , [el] , [el]
- Greenlandic: [kl]
- Haitian Creole: [ht]
- Hausa: [ha]
- Hebrew: [he] , [he] , [he]
- Hindi: [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Icelandic: [is]
- Indonesian: [id] , [id]
- Ingrian: [izh] , [izh]
- Ingush: [inh]
- Irish: [ga] , [ga]
- Irula: [iru]
- Istriot: [ist]
- Italian: [it] , [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja] , [ja] , [ja]
- Jeju: [jje]
- Kaingang: [kgp]
- Kaitag: [xdq]
- Kamba: [kam]
- Kazakh: [kk] , [kk] , [kk] , [kk] , [kk]
- Khiamniungan Naga: [kix]
- Khmer: [km]
- Kikuyu: [ki]
- Komi-Permyak: [koi]
- Korean: [ko] , [ko] , [ko] [North Korea] , [ko]
- Kurdish:
- Kyrgyz: [ky] , [ky] , [ky] , [ky]
- Ladino: [lad] , [lad]
- Lao: [lo] , [lo] , [lo]
- Latgalian: [ltg]
- Latin: [la]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Ligurian: [lij] , [lij]
- Lingala: [ln]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Livvi: [olo]
- Lombard: [lmo] , [lmo]
- Luganda: [lg]
- Luhya: [luy]
- Luxembourgish: [lb]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Malay: [ms]
- Malayalam: [ml] , [ml]
- Maltese: [mt]
- Marathi: [mr]
- Minangkabau: [min]
- Mòcheno: [mhn]
- Mongolian:
- Mwani: [wmw]
- Navajo: [nv]
- Neapolitan: [nap]
- Norman: [nrf] [Guernsey]
- Northern Sami: [se]
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: [oc]
- Odia: [or]
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old East Slavic: [orv] , [orv]
- Old English: [ang] , [ang]
- Oromo: [om]
- Ossetian: [os]
- Pannonian Rusyn: [rsk]
- Papiamentu: [pap]
- Pashto: [ps]
- Persian:
- Piedmontese: [pms]
- Pijin: [pis]
- Pipil: [ppl]
- Plautdietsch: [pdt] , [pdt]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
- Punjabi: [pa]
- Romani: [rom]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Romansch: [rm] [Rumantsch Grischun] , [rm] [Surmiran]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Samoan: [sm]
- Sango: [sg]
- Sanskrit: [sa] , [sa]
- Sardinian: [sc] , [sc]
- Scots: [sco]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd] , [gd] , [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Shor: [cjs]
- Sicilian: [scn]
- Sinhalese: [si]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Somali: [so]
- Sorbian:
- Sotho: [st]
- Spanish: [es] , [es] [colloquial] , [es] , [es] , [es]
- Sranan Tongo: [srn]
- Swahili: [sw]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv]
- Sylheti: [syl]
- Tagalog: [tl] , [tl]
- Tajik: [tg] , [tg]
- Talysh: [tly]
- Tamil: [ta]
- Tat: [ttt]
- Tatar: [tt] , [tt]
- Telugu: [te] , [te] , [te]
- Tetum: [tet]
- Thai: [th]
- Tibetan: [bo]
- Tigrinya: [ti]
- Tongan: [to]
- Tumbuka: [tum]
- Turkish: [tr] , [tr] , [tr]
- Turkmen: [tk] , [tk]
- Udi: [udi] , [udi]
- Udmurt: [udm]
- Ukrainian: [uk] , [uk]
- Urdu: [ur]
- Uyghur: [ug] , [ug]
- Uzbek: [uz] , [uz] , [uz] , [uz]
- Venetan: [vec] , [vec]
- Vietnamese: [vi] , [vi] ( [vi] )
- Votic: [vot]
- Walloon: [wa] , [wa] , [wa] [Wisconsin Walloon]
- Welsh: [cy]
- West Frisian: [fy]
- Yiddish: [yi]
- Yoruba: [yo]
- Yucatec Maya: [yua]
- Zande: [zne]
- Zazaki: [zza] , [zza] , [zza] , [zza]
- Zhuang: [za]
- ǃXóõ: [nmn]
[trans-bottom]
[place where one is employed]
- Armenian: [hy] , [hy]
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: [aii]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs] , [cs]
- Danish: [da] , [da] , [da]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Ewe: [ee]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Galician: [gl] , [gl]
- German: [de]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Irish: [ga]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Korean: [ko] , [ko]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Luganda: [lg]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Ndzwani Comorian: [wni]
- Ngazidja Comorian: [zdj]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: [scn]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Sorbian:
- Spanish: [es] , [es] [colloquial] , [es]
- Swahili: [sw]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv]
- Turkish: [tr]
- Ukrainian: [uk] , [uk]
- Walloon: [wa]
- Yoruba: [yo]
[trans-bottom]
[effort expended on a particular task]
- Afrikaans: [af]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl]
- Ewe: [ee]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Galician: [gl]
- Georgian: [ka]
- German: [de]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Irish: [ga]
- Italian: [it] , [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja] , [ja]
- Jeju: [jje]
- Khiamniungan Naga: [kix]
- Korean: [ko] , [ko]
- Kurdish:
- Latvian: [lv]
- Macedonian: [mk] , [mk]
- Malayalam: [ml] , [ml]
- Mòcheno: [mhn]
- Navajo: [nv]
- Neapolitan: [nap]
- Norman: [nrf] [Guernsey]
- Plautdietsch: [pdt]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Romansch: [rm] [Rumantsch Grischun] , [rm] [Surmiran]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd] , [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: [scn] , [scn]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Sorbian:
- Spanish: [es]
- Swahili: [sw]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Telugu: [te]
- Tocharian B: [txb]
- Turkish: [tr]
- Unami: [unm]
- Venetan: [vec] , [vec]
- West Frisian: [fy] , [fy]
- Yiddish: [yi]
- Yoruba: [yo]
[trans-bottom]
[result of a particular manner of production]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Galician: [gl]
- Korean: [ko] , [ko] [work by]
- Latin: [la]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Sicilian: [scn] , [scn]
- Spanish: [es] , [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[something produced using the specified material or tool]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Sicilian: [scn]
[trans-bottom]
[literary, artistic, or intellectual production]
- Arabic: [ar] , [ar] , [ar]
- Armenian: [hy] , [hy] , [hy]
- Azerbaijani: [az]
- Bashkir: [ba]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs] , (a master work, craftsmanship) mistrovská práce [f]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo] , [eo]
- Estonian: [et]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- Friulian: [fur]
- Galician: [gl] , [gl]
- German: [de]
- Hebrew: [he] , [he]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Irish: [ga]
- Italian: [it] , [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Korean: [ko] , [ko]
- Latin: [la]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Macedonian: [mk] , [mk]
- Malay: [ms]
- Malayalam: [ml] [literary work]
- Occitan: [oc]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Romansch: [rm] [Rumantsch Grischun] , [rm] [Puter]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd] , [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian: [sh] , [sh]
- Sicilian: [scn] , [scn]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Spanish: [es] , [es]
- Swahili: [sw]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Telugu: [te]
- Thai: [th]
- Turkish: [tr] , [tr]
- Uzbek: [uz]
- Vietnamese: [vi]
- Walloon: [wa]
- Yiddish: [yi]
- Zazaki: [zza] , [zza]
[trans-bottom]
[physics: measure of energy expended in moving an object]
- Afrikaans: [af]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Cornish: [kw]
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Galician: [gl]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Latin: [la]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Malay: [ms]
- Malayalam: [ml]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: [scn]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Sorbian:
- Spanish: [es]
- Swahili: [sw]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Telugu: [te]
- Turkish: [tr]
- Welsh: [cy]
- West Frisian: [fy]
[trans-bottom]
[thermodynamics: energy in transit between one form or repository and another]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Italian: [it]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: [scn]
- West Frisian: [fy]
[trans-bottom]
[fortification]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Italian: [it]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Spanish: [es]
}}<!-- close [multitrans] --> [trans-bottom]
[wrestling: staging of events] [trans-bottom]
[checktrans-top]
- Albanian: [sq]
- Ancient Greek: [grc] (1,2,5,7,8)
- Arabic: [ar]
- Basque: [eu]
- Breton: [br] , [1] [br] , [br] , [3] [br]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Franco-Provençal: [frp] , [frp]
- French: [fr]
- German: [1,2,3,6,7] [de] , [4,5] [de]
- Ido: [io] , [1] [io] , [4] [io] .
- Kurdish:
- Lao: [lo]
- Marathi: [mr] , [mr] , [mr]
- Persian: [fa]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Swahili: [sw] (1,2)
- Telugu: [te] (1, 2), [te] (1), [te] (2)
[trans-bottom]
**** See also
- [product (combining form)] [en] < !-- compare piping/pipework -->
*** Etymology 2
From [en] and [enm], from [en] and [ang] (Mercian), from [en], from [en], from
the root [ine-pro]. Cognate with [ofs], [ofs], [osx], [nds], [nl], [goh]
([de], [de] and [de]), [non] and [non], ([sv] and [sv]), [got].
**** Verb
[past2=wrought]
1. [en] To do a specific task by employ ing physical or mental power s.
1. Said of one's workplace (building), or one's department, or one's trade (sphere of business) [en] .
2. Said of one's job title [en] .
3. * [XXXVII]
4. Said of a company or individual who employ s [en] .
5. General use, said of either fellow employee s or instrument s or client s [en] .
6. [en] To work or operate in a certain place, area, or speciality .
7. [en] To work or operate in, through [,] or by means of.
2. [en] To function correctly ; to act as intended ; to achieve the goal design ed for.
3. * [date=2013-06-21]
4. [en] To cause to operate , be productive , behave a certain way [,] or happen .
1. To set into action .
2. [en] To exhaust , by working.
3. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1774 | author=w:Edward Long | title=The History of Jamaica. Or, General Survey of the Antient and Modern State of that Island | volume=2 | chapter=11 | page= [xr0NAAAAQAAJ]
|passage=They were told of a ſilver mine, that had been WORKED by the
Spaniards, ſomewhere in the Healthſhire Hills, in St. Catharine; but they
were not able to diſcover it.}}
1. To shape , form , or improve a material .
2. To provoke or excite ; to influence .
3. * [1=en]
4. To use or manipulate to one’s advantage .
5. [en] To cause to happen or to occur as a consequence .
6. * {{ quote-text | en | year=2022 | title= Sawnee Electric Membership Corporation Bylaws (see https://file.sawnee.com/web-docs/library/Sawnee-EMC-Bylaws-08-19-2022.pdf) | section=Article III, Section 3.01
|passage=Failure to hold the annual meeting, or to otherwise conduct the
business of the annual meeting, shall not WORK a forfeiture or dissolution of
the Cooperative.}}
1. To force to work .
1. [en] To move or progress slowly or with difficulty.
1. [en] To move or progress slowly [en] .
2. [en] To cause to move slowly or with difficulty.
3. * [IV]
4. [en] To embroider with thread .
5. [en] To ferment .
6. [en] To cause to ferment .
7. * [X]
8. [en] To influence .
9. [en] To move in an agitated manner .
10. * [Brescia, Verona, Padua]
11. [en] To behave in a certain way when handle d
12. [en] To cause (someone) to feel (something); to do unto somebody (something, whether good or bad).
13. * [VI]
14. * [poem=The Ballad of One-eyed Mike]
15. [en] To hurt ; to ache .
16. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1485 | author=Sir [Thomas Malory] | title=w:Le Morte d'Arthur | section=Book XXI
|passage=‘I wolde hit were so,’ seyde the Kynge, ‘but I may nat stonde, my
hede WORCHYS so—’}}
1. [en] To pull off ; to wear, perform, etc. successfully or to advantage.
2. [en] To perform with a confident attitude , particularly as a drag queen .
3. * {{ quote-book | en | date=2020-11-09 | author=Shae Connor | title=Rough and Tumble | publisher=Entangled: Embrace | isbn=9781649370631
|text=Plus, all that gym work means you've got muscles for days. You gotta
werk it, babe." She puts a swish and swing into her next few steps before she
bursts out laughing, and I have to join in.}}
1. * {{ quote-book | en | date=2022-02-01 | author=Lindsay Bryde | author2=Tommy Mayberry | title=RuPedagogies of Realness: Essays on Teaching and Learning with RuPaul's Drag Race | publisher=McFarland | isbn=9781476646060 | page=41
|text=Today, almost three decades later, the sentence, "You better WORK" from
the song is used on a daily basis.}}
***** Conjugation
[old=1]
***** Derived terms
{{col|en|title=phrasal verbs derived from _work (verb)_ |work at |work away
|work back |work off |work on |work out |work over |work through |work
together |work up }} {{col|en|title=other terms derived from the _work
(verb)_|work one's buns off|work one's fingers to the bone|work one's guts
out|work one's magic|work one's passage|work one's tail off|work one's
way|work one's way up|work the angles|work the hole|work the hyphens|work the
oracle|work the refs|work the system|I just work here|I only work here|working
hard or hardly working |bework|God works in mysterious ways|the Lord works in
mysterious ways|only fools and horses work|so crazy it just might work|work
into the ground |forework |forwork |outwork|work the audience|work the
bar|work the line |rework|work oneself to the bone |workaround |worker
|working |work it |work like a beaver |work like a dog |work like a horse
|work like a nigger |work like a Trojan|awork |work the crowd |work the room
|work to rule |work like a dream|work like a mule|work like a nailer |work
wonders |work someone's arse off|work someone's ass off|work someone's butt
off|work someone's tail off|teamwork makes the dream work|work around|work
backward|work both ends against the middle|work both sides against the
middle|work double tides|work in|work nights|work round|wouldn't work in an
iron lung|work with one's hands}}
***** Descendants
- [yue]
***** Translations
[to do a specific task] {{multitrans|data=
- Afrikaans: [af]
- Albanian: [sq]
- Aleut: [ale]
- Arabic: [ar] , [ar]
- Aragonese: [an]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Aromanian: [rup] , [rup]
- Assamese: [as]
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: [aii]
- Asturian: [ast]
- Azerbaijani: [az] , [az]
- Bashkir: [ba]
- Basque: [eu]
- Belarusian: [be] , [be]
- Bengali: [bn]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Burmese: [my] , [my]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Cherokee: [chr]
- Chichewa: [ny]
- Chickasaw: [cic]
- Chinese:
- Chuvash: [cv]
- Cornish: [kw] , [kw] , [kw]
- Czech: [cs]
- Dalmatian: [dlm]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- East Central German: [gmw-ecg]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Estonian: [et]
- Ewe: [ee]
- Extremaduran: [ext]
- Faroese: [fo]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr] , [slang] [fr]
- Friulian: [fur]
- Galician: [gl]
- Georgian: [ka]
- German: [de]
- Gothic: [got] , [got]
- Greek: [el]
- Greenlandic: [kl]
- Haitian Creole: [ht]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Icelandic: [is]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Ingrian: [izh] , [izh]
- Interlingua: [ia]
- Irish: [ga]
- Istriot: [ist]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Javanese: [jv]
- Jeju: [jje]
- Kaitag: [xdq]
- Kazakh: [kk] , [kk]
- Khmer: [km]
- Kongo: [kg]
- Korean: [ko]
- Kyrgyz: [ky] , [ky]
- Lao: [lo]
- Latgalian: [ltg] , [ltg]
- Latin: [la] , [la]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Lingala: [ln]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Livvi: [olo]
- Lombard: [lmo] , [lmo]
- Low German: [nds]
- Lü: [khb]
- Luxembourgish: [lb]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Malay: [ms]
- Malayalam: [ml]
- Maltese: [mt]
- Maore Comorian: [swb]
- Maori: [mi] , [mi] [as a group] , [mi] [hard]
- Marathi: [mr]
- Mongolian:
- Navajo: [nv]
- Neapolitan: [nap]
- Ngazidja Comorian: [zdj]
- Norman: [nrf] [Jersey]
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: [oc]
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old East Slavic: [orv]
- Old English: [ang]
- Old Javanese: [kaw]
- Oromo: [om]
- Papiamentu: [pap]
- Pennsylvania German: [pdc]
- Persian:
- Piedmontese: [pms]
- Pipil: [ppl] , [ppl]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Quechua: [qu]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
- Samoan: [sm]
- Sango: [sg]
- Sardinian: [sc]
- Scots: [sco]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: [scn]
- Sinhalese: [si]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Sorbian:
- Sotho: [st]
- Spanish: [es] , [es] , [es] , [es] [El Salvador] , [es] , [es]
- Sranan Tongo: [srn]
- Sursurunga: [sgz]
- Swahili: [sw]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv] [as part of an employment]
- Sylheti: [syl]
- Tagalog: \ [tl]
- Tajik: [tg]
- Tamil: [ta]
- Tatar: [tt]
- Thai: [th]
- Tibetan: [bo]
- Tocharian B: [txb]
- Turkish: [tr]
- Turkmen: [tk]
- Ukrainian: [uk] , [uk] , [uk]
- Urdu: [ur]
- Uzbek: [uz] , [uz]
- Vietnamese: [vi] ( [vi] )
- Volapük: [vo]
- Walloon: [wa] , [wa]
- Welsh: [cy]
- West Frisian: [fy]
- White Hmong: [mww]
- Yiddish: [yi]
- Yoruba: [yo]
- Yucatec Maya: [yua]
- Zazaki: [zza]
- ǃXóõ: [nmn]
[trans-bottom]
[to operate in a certain place, area, or specialty.]
- Danish: [da] [e.g. a bar] , [da] [e.g. artist's use of material]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Turkish: [tr]
- West Frisian: [fy]
[trans-bottom]
[to operate in, through [,] or by means of]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Scots: [sco]
[trans-bottom]
[to function correctly; to act as intended; to achieve the goal designed for]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Chichewa: [ny]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Ewe: [ee]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Haitian Creole: [ht]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Hungarian: [to function] [hu] , [to act as intended] [hu] , [hu]
- Icelandic: [is]
- Irish: [ga]
- Italian: [it]
- Khmer: [km]
- Latin: [la] [post-Classical]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Malayalam: [ml]
- Nepali: [ne]
- Norwegian:
- Persian:
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Quechua: [qu]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Spanish: [es] , [es] , [es] [of medicine] , [es] , [es] , [es] , [es]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv] [of machinery, or abstractly] , [sv]
- Tamil: [ta]
- Thai: [th]
- Turkish: [tr] , [tr] , [tr]
- Vietnamese: [vi] , [vi]
- West Frisian: [fy]
- Zazaki: [zza] , [zza]
[trans-bottom]
[to set into action]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Spanish: [es] , [es]
- Telugu: [te]
- Turkish: [tr]
- Zazaki: [zza]
[trans-bottom]
[to exhaust]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] -se, [ca] -se
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Polish: [pl]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
[trans-bottom]
[to shape, form, or improve a material]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca] , [ca] [shaping] , [ca] [cutting] , [ca] [preparing]
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Greek: [el]
- Italian: [it]
- Latin: [la] , [la]
- Macedonian: [mk] , [mk]
- Malayalam: [ml]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Spanish: [es] , [es] , [es] , [es] , [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Telugu: [te]
- Turkish: [tr] , [to subject to a chemical or other action]
[trans-bottom]
[to provoke or excite]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
- Telugu: [te]
[trans-bottom]
[to use or manipulate]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Telugu: [te]
[trans-bottom]
[to cause to happen]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Maore Comorian: [swb]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Spanish: [es] , [es] , [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[to force to work]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Turkish: [tr]
[trans-bottom]
[to move or progress slowly]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Scots: [sco]
[trans-bottom]
[to cause to move or progress]
- Danish: [da] , [da] sig
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Norwegian:
- Polish: [pl]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] [through a crowd] , [ru] , [ru] [about a liquid]
- Scots: [sco]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Turkish: [tr]
[trans-bottom]
[to embroider with thread]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Polish: [pl]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Spanish: [es]
- Turkish: [tr]
[trans-bottom]
[to ferment]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[to cause to ferment]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Polish: [pl]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Spanish: [es]
[trans-bottom]
[to influence]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg] , [bg]
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[to move in an agitated manner]
- Catalan: [ca] 's
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Spanish: [es] , [es]
[trans-bottom]
[to behave in a certain way when handled.]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scots: [sco]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[to cause to feel]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
}}<!-- close [multitrans] --> [trans-bottom]
[checktrans-top]
- Aromanian: [rup]
- Breton: [br] , [br] < !-- was " mont en-dro " - assumed sum-of-parts; if an idiom, use [t] instead of [t-SOP] . see User:Kephir/gadgets/xte#Translation_fixing -->
- Chamacoco: [ceg] < !-- meaning "swarthmore.edu to make to work (spanish) hacer trabajar" -->
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu]
- Ido: [io]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Latin: [la] , [la] < !-- meaning "to earn" -->, [la] [I accomplish a function]
- Norman: [nrf] [Jersey]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Woiwurrung: [wyi]
[trans-bottom]
*** Further reading
- [page=334]
*** References
References:
[1]. [R:Raymond Glossary]
[en] [en] [en]
** Chinese
*** Etymology
From [yue].
*** Pronunciation
{{zh-pron |c=woek1 |cat=a,v }}
*** Adjective
[zh] [zh]
1. working as intend ed; functioning
2. effective
*** Verb
[zh] [zh]
1. to work as intend ed; to function
*** References
- [R:yue:ELHKC]
** Middle English
*** Noun
[enm]
1. [enm]