From en.wiktionary.org:
[Stem]
** English
[wikipedia]
*** Pronunciation
- [stĕm] , [en]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Etymology 1
[en] From [en], [enm], [enm], [enm], from [en], from [en], from [en],
ultimately from [en].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. The stock of a family; a race or generation of progenitors.
2. * [poem=Arcades]
3. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1633 | author=w:George Herbert | title=Church Monuments
|passage=While I do pray, learn here thy STEM / And true descent.}}
1. A branch of a family.
2. * [act=II]
1. [en] A branch, or group of branches, located outside a family or other cladistic group, but which is more closely related to that group than to any other taxon of the same rank.
3. An advanced or leading position; the lookout.
4. * {{ RQ:Fuller Church History
|passage=Wolsey sat at the STEM more than twenty years.}}
1. [en] The above-ground stalk ( _technically_ axis ) of a vascular plant , and certain anatomically similar, below-ground organ s such as rhizome s, bulb s, tuber s, and corm s.
2. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1736 | author=Sir [Walter Raleigh] | title=The History of the World in Five Books
|passage=After they are shot up thirty feet in length, they spread a very
large top, having no bough nor twig in the trunk or the STEM.}}
1. * [en]
2. A slender supporting member of an individual part of a plant such as a flower or a leaf; also, by analogy, the shaft of a feather.
3. * [en]
4. [en] A narrow part on certain man-made objects, such as a wine glass , a tobacco pipe, a spoon.
5. [en] [en] The main part of an uninflected word to which affix es may be added to form inflections of the word. A stem often has a more fundamental root . Systematic conjugation s and declension s derive from their stems.
6. * [edition=1st]
7. [en] A person's leg .
8. * {{ quote-text | en | year=2008 | author=Lori Wilde; Rhonda Nelson; Cara Summers | title=August Harlequin Blaze
|passage=She was perfectly, fuckably proportioned everywhere else, both above
and below her waist. A pocket-size Venus, with the longest STEMS he'd ever
seen on someone so dang diminutive.}}
1. [en] The penis .
2. * [en]
3. [en] A vertical stroke of a letter.
4. [en] A vertical stroke marking the length of a note in written music.
5. [en] A premixed portion of a track for use in audio mastering and remixing.
6. * [en]
7. [en] The vertical or nearly vertical forward extension of the keel , to which the forward ends of the planks or strake s are attached.
8. [en] [en] The front part of a vessel .
9. * [part=1]
10. [en] A component on a bicycle that connects the handlebar s to the bicycle fork.
11. [en] A part of an anatomic structure considered without its possible branches or ramifications.
12. [en] A crack pipe ; or the long, hollow portion of a similar pipe (i.e. meth pipe) resembling a crack pipe.
13. [en] A winder on a clock, watch, or similar mechanism.
***** Derived terms
{{col4|en|a-stem|celestial stem|consonant stem|give the stem|heavenly
stem|i-stem|Mach stem|o-stem|stem and leaf|stem family|stem for stem|stem
group|stem-changing verb|stem mammal|stem node|stem siren|stem the rose|stem
the tide|stem-and-leaf|stem-loop|stem-winder|straw stem|the apple does not
fall far from the stem|u-stem|wire stem |brain stem|oblique stem|stem
ginger|stem-clasping |from stem to stern |question stem |stem cell |stem
duchy|stem borer |stemless |stemplot |stem stitch |unstemmed }}
***** Translations
[stock of a family; a race or generation of progenitors]
- Azerbaijani: [az] , [az]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- German: [de] , [de] , [de]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu]
- Italian: [it] , [it] , [it] , [it]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
[trans-bottom]
[branch of a family]
- Azerbaijani: [az]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu]
- Italian: [it] , [it] , [it]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[advanced or leading position]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Italian: [it]
[trans-bottom]
[botany: above-ground stalk of a vascular plant]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Assamese: [as]
- Azerbaijani: [az]
- Basque: [eu]
- Bats: [bbl]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Chinese:
- Classical Nahuatl: [nci]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl] , [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Georgian: [ka]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Higaonon: [mba]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Interlingua: [ia]
- Italian: [it] , [it] , [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [flower] [ja] ; [trunk] [ja]
- Khmer: [km] , [km]
- Korean: [ko]
- Kurdish:
- Lao: [lo]
- Latin: [la] , [la]
- Latvian: [lv] , [lv] , [lv]
- Laz: [lzz]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Low German: [nds] , [nds] , [nds]
- Macedonian: [mk] , [mk] , [mk]
- Maori: [mi] , [mi] , [mi] , [mi] , [mi]
- Minangkabau: [min]
- Mingrelian: [xmf]
- Mongolian: [mn]
- Nepali: [ne]
- Norman: [nrf]
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: [oc]
- Ottoman Turkish: [ota] , [ota]
- Persian: [fa] , [fa]
- Plautdietsch: [pdt]
- Polish: [pl] [dried]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru] [of a tree] , [ru]
- Saanich: [str]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Spanish: [es]
- Svan: [sva]
- Swahili: [sw]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Thai: [th]
- Tibetan: [bo]
- Tocharian B: [txb]
- Turkish: [tr]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
- Vietnamese: [vi]
- White Hmong: [mww]
- Yiddish: [yi]
- Zhuang: [za]
[trans-bottom]
[slender supporting member for an individual part of a plant]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi] , [fi] , [fi] ; [fi] [in a feather]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de] , [de] , [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Italian: [it] , [it] , [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [flower] [ja] ; [leaf] [ja]
- Macedonian: [mk] , [mk] , [mk]
- Maori: [mi] , [mi]
- Ottoman Turkish: [ota]
- Polish: [pl] [of a fruit]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru] [of a leaf or fruit] , [ru] [of a flower] , [ru] [of a fruit]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Thai: [th]
[trans-bottom]
[narrow supporting structure on certain man-made objects]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [wine glass] [ja] ; [spoon] [ja]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Norwegian:
- Polish: [pl]
- Russian: [ru]
[trans-bottom]
[linguistics: main part of a word]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Assamese: [as]
- Azerbaijani: [az]
- Belarusian: [be] , [be]
- Breton: [br]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Estonian: [et]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- Georgian: [ka]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Ingrian: [izh]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Khmer: [km]
- Korean: [ko]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Mari:
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: [oc] , [oc]
- Persian: [fa]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovak: [sk]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv]
- Turkish: [tr]
- Ukrainian: [uk] , [uk]
- Uzbek: [uz]
- Welsh: [cy]
[trans-bottom]
[typography: vertical stroke of a letter]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Russian: [ru]
[trans-bottom]
[music: vertical stroke of a symbol representing a note in written music]
- Chinese:
- Finnish: [fi]
- German: [de]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Manx: [gv]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[nautical: forward vertical extension of the keel]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Faroese: [fo]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Galician: [gl]
- German: [de] , [de] , [de]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu]
- Icelandic: [is]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Italian: [it] , [it] , [it]
- Norman: [nrf]
- Norwegian:
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[Component on a bicycle that connects the handlebars to the bicycle fork]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
[trans-bottom]
[checktrans-top]
- Georgian: [ka] , [ka]
- German: [de] (2)
- Hebrew: [he]
- Korean: [ko]
- Mandarin: [cmn] ; [cmn] , [cmn]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv] (5); [sv] (2,7); [sv] (3,4); [sv] (6)
[trans-bottom]
***** References
[R:Collins English Dictionary]
**** Verb
[en-verb]
1. To remove the stem from.
2. [en] To be cause d or derive d; to originate .
3. * [en]
4. To descend in a family line .
5. To direct the stem (of a ship) against; to make headway against.
6. * [chapter=41]
7. [en] To hit with the stem of a ship; to ram .
8. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1596 | author=Edmund Spenser | title=The Faerie Queene | section=IV.ii
|passage=As when two warlike Brigandines at sea, / With murdrous weapons arm'd
to cruell fight, / Doe meete together on the watry lea, / They STEMME ech
other with so fell despight, / That with the shocke of their owne heedlesse
might, / Their wooden ribs are shaken nigh a sonder [...]}}
1. To ram ( clay , etc.) into a blasting hole .
***** Synonyms
- [to originate] to be due to , to arise from
***** Translations
[to remove the stem from]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu]
- Russian: [ru]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv] [sv] [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[to be caused or derived]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Czech: [cs] , [cs] , [cs]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] ; [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- German: [de] , [de] , [de] , [de] , [de]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Maori: [mi]
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: [oc] , [oc] , [oc]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Slovak: [sk] , [sk] , [sk]
- Spanish: [es] , [es] , [es] , [es] [formal] , [es] , [es]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv] , [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[to descend in a family line]
- Azerbaijani: [az] , [az]
- Czech: [cs]
- Estonian: [et]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de] , [de] , [de]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Italian: [it]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Occitan: [oc]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[to direct the stem of a ship against something]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[to hit with the stem of a ship; to ram]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[to ram something into a blasting hole]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
[trans-bottom]
*** Etymology 2
From [en], a borrowing from [en] (whence [da]/[da]), from [en]. Cognate with
[de], [dum], [dum]. Compare [en].
**** Verb
[en-verb]
1. [en] To stop , hinder (for instance, a river or blood).
2. * {{ RQ:Denham Poems
|poem=The Destruction of Troy|passage=[They] STEM the flood with their erected
breasts.}}
1. * [passage= STEMM'D the wild torrent of a barbarous age.]
2. [en] To move the feet apart and point the tips of the skis inward in order to slow down the speed or to facilitate a turn.
3. In rock climbing, to use a stance with the feet spread apart, bracing them in opposite directions against the two walls of a chimney or dihedral.
***** Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:hinder
***** Translations
[to stop, hinder]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl] , [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] ; [fi] [flow]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de] , [de] , [de] , [de] , [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Irish: [ga]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Persian: [fa]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv] , [sv] , [sv] , [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[skiing: to point the skis inward]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Czech: [cs] , [cs]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Italian: aprire lo spazzaneve
- Japanese: [ja]
- Russian: [ru]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
*** Etymology 3
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] .
*** Etymology 4
Acronym of science, technology, engineering, (and) mathematics.
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] .
2. * {{ quote-journal | en | date=May 29 2015 | author=BBC News | journal=How do US black students perform at school?
|passage=Stem (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) fields are a
particular cause for concern because within them there are more pronounced
stereotypes, extreme competitiveness and gender inequities regarding the
abilities and competencies of black male and female students.}}
**** Further reading
- [R:Webster 1913]
- [R:Century 1911]
- [stem]
*** Etymology 5
[en]
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] .
*** Anagrams
- [en]
[en]
** Afrikaans
*** Pronunciation
- [af]
*** Etymology 1
From [af], from [af], from [af], from [af], [gem-pro].
**** Noun
[stemme]
1. [en]
2. [en]
3. * [af]
*** Etymology 2
From [af].
**** Verb
[stemmende]
1. to [en]
** Czech
*** Pronunciation
- [cs-IPA]
*** Noun
[cs]
1. [cs]
** Dutch
*** Etymology
From [nl], from [nl], from [nl], from [nl], [gem-pro]. Under influence of
Latin [la], it acquired the now obsolete sense of “word”.
*** Pronunciation
- [nl]
- [nl]
- [nl]
- [nl]
*** Noun
[f]
1. voice , sound made by the mouth using airflow
2. the ability to speak
3. [nl] vote
4. [nl] word
5. [nl] voice , property formed by vibration of the vocal cords
**** Derived terms
{{col|nl |falsetstem |foertstem |hoofdstem |kopstem |proteststem |stemband
|stemmen |stemspleet |stemvervormer |voorkeurstem }}
**** Descendants
- [af]
- [dcr]
- [djk]
- [bor=1]
- [id]
- [id]
- [pap]
- [bor=1]
- [tri]
*** Verb
[nl]
1. [nl]
*** Anagrams
- [nl] , [nl]
** Indonesian
*** Etymology
From [id], from [id], [enm], [enm], [enm], from [id], from [id], ultimately
from [id].
*** Pronunciation
- [stèm]
- [id]
*** Noun
[id-noun]
1. [en] :
1. [id] the vertical or nearly vertical forward extension of the keel, to which the forward ends of the planks or strakes are attached.
2. [id] the main part of an uninflected word to which affix es may be added to form inflections of the word. A stem often has a more fundamental root . Systematic conjugation s and declension s derive from their stems
3. [id] a vertical stroke marking the length of a note in written music
*** Further reading
- [R:KBBI Daring]
** Latin
*** Pronunciation
- [la-IPA]
*** Verb
[la]
1. [la]
** Middle English
*** Noun
[enm]
1. [enm]
** Norwegian Bokmål
*** Verb
[nb]
1. [nb]
** Norwegian Nynorsk
*** Verb
[nn]
1. [nn]
** Tok Pisin
*** Etymology
From [tpi].
*** Noun
[tpi]
1. stamp