From en.wiktionary.org:
[scalę]
** English
[2016] [en] {|style="float: right; clear:right;" <!-- Using the table for more
images, as expecting more images to come. --> | | | |}
*** Pronunciation
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Etymology 1
From [en], from [en], usually in plural [la], for [la], from [la]; see scan,
ascend, descend, etc. [en].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] [en] A ladder ; a series of step s; a means of ascend ing.
2. [en] An ordered , usually numerical sequence used for measurement ; means of assigning a magnitude .
3. [en] Size ; scope .
4. * [ 1=en]
5. [en] The ratio of depicted distance to actual distance.
6. [en] A line or bar associated with a drawing, used to indicate measurement when the image has been magnified or reduced .
7. * [volume=V]
8. [en] [en] A series of note s spanning an octave , tritave , or pseudo-octave , used to make melodies.
9. [en] A mathematical base for a numeral system; radix .
10. [en] Gradation ; succession of ascending and descending steps and degrees; progressive series; scheme of comparative rank or order.
11. * [passage=There is a certain SCALE of duties [...] which for want of studying in right order, all the world is in confusion.]
12. * [en]
13. [en] A standard amount of money to be paid for a service, for example union-negotiated amounts received by a performer or writer; similar to wage scale or pay grade .
***** Hyponyms
- [earthquake] [en] , [en] , [en]
- [economy] [en]
{{col4|en|title=music |Arabic scale |blue scale |blues scale |bugle scale
|Byzantine Music scale |chromatic scale |diatonic scale |diminished
scale|brown soft scale|Enhanced Fujita scale|hair scale |dodecuple scale
|gapped scale| |Istrian scale |major scale |minor scale |modal scale |musical
scale |octatonic scale |pentatonic scale |Persian scale |Phrygian dominant
scale |whole-tone scale }} {{col4|en|title=physics |Celsius scale |Delisle
scale |Fahrenheit scale |Kelvin scale |length scale |Newton scale |Planck
scale |Rankin scale |Rankine scale |Réaumur scale |Rømer scale |timescale }}
- [psychology] [en]
{{col|en|title=others |absolute scale|not-to-scale|to-scale |Antoniadi
scale|Baumé scale|Beaufort scale|Beck's scale|Pomeroy scale |Ravel
scale|Bortle scale|Bristol stool scale|check scale|communicable
scale|cosmological scale|diagonal scale|dynamic scale|engineer's
scale|Fitzpatrick scale|Fujita scale|Garn scale|Hamilton-Norwood scale|HO
scale|Kardashev scale|Likert scale|Ludwig scale|medium scale
integration|megascale|Mohs scale|N scale|Norwood scale|ordinal scale|Pauling
scale|Prader scale|Quigley scale|ratio scale|reducing scale|Rockwell
scale|Saffir-Simpson scale|Scoville scale|Shepard scale|short scale|sliding
scale|Tanner scale|tone scale|Torino scale|Wentworth scale|wind scale| ensign
scale|felt scale|Holmes-Rahe scale|Mohs' scale|pay scale|pernicious
scale|scale-down|scale-up|F-scale|Indian wax scale|Fujita-Pearson scale|Fujita
scale|Beck Hopelessness Scale|Byzantine scale}}
***** Coordinate terms
{{col4|en|title=geography: Terms related to _scale_ |cartographic ratio
|extent |focus |grain |range |resolution |size |support }}
{{col4|en|title=music: Terms related to _scale_ |dominant |leading note
|mediant |octave interval |subdominant |submediant |supertonic |tonic }}
***** Derived terms
{{col4|en|altered scale|salary scale |diseconomies of scale |economies of
scale |full-scale |global-scale |gray-scale|scale modeler |Gunter's scale
|Internet-scale |industrial scale |large-scale |long scale |medium-scale
|microscale |milliscale |off the scale |Raglan's scale |returns to scale
|room-scale |scale bar |scalebound |scale cube |scale degree |scalefree |scale
height |scale ruler |small-scale |timescale |time scale |ultra large scale
integration |upscale |very large scale integration| |wafer-scale integration
|widescale,wide-scale |scale invariance |scale model |thumb on the scale |to
scale |at scale }}
***** Descendants
- [ja]
***** Translations
[ladder]
[sequence for measurement]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Azerbaijani: [az]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Crimean Tatar: [crh]
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Galician: [gl]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja] ; [ja] , [ja]
- Korean: [ko] , [ko]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Maori: [mi]
- Norwegian:
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian: [sh] ; [sh]
- Slovak: [sk] , [sk]
- Slovene: [sl] , [sl]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Tagalog: [tl] ; [tl] , [tl] , [tl]
- Telugu: [te] ; [te] , [te]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
[trans-bottom]
[size or scope]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Azerbaijani: [az]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Chinese:
- Crimean Tatar: [crh]
- Czech: [cs]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el] , [el]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Korean: [ko]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Malay: [ms]
- Norwegian:
- Persian: [fa] , [fa]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Slovene: [sl] , [sl]
- Spanish: [es] , [es] , [es] , [es] , [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Telugu: [te] , [te]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
- Urdu: [ur]
[trans-bottom]
[ratio of distances]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Breton: [br]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Burmese: [my]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Crimean Tatar: [crh]
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Khmer: [km]
- Korean: [ko]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Maori: [mi]
- Norwegian:
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian: [sh]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Telugu: [te]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
[trans-bottom]
[line or bar used to indicate measurement]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
[trans-bottom]
[series of notes]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo] , [eo]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Khmer: [km]
- Korean: [ko]
- Latin: [la]
- Maori: [mi]
- Norwegian:
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Spanish: [es] , [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Vietnamese: [vi] ( [vi] )
[trans-bottom]
[mathematics: base for a numeral system]
[gradation; progressive series; scheme of comparative rank or order]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
***** See also
- [en] < !-- A meronym? -->
- [en] < !-- Almost a synonym?-->
***** References
- [pedia]
**** Verb
[en-verb]
1. [en] [en] To change the size of something whilst maintaining proportion ; especially to change a process in order to produce much larger amounts of the final product.
2. [en] To climb to the top of.
3. * [IX]
4. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1932 | author=Dorothy L Sayers | title=Have his Carcase | chapter=1
|passage=A solitary rock is always attractive. All right-minded people feel
an overwhelming desire to SCALE and sit upon it.}}
1. * [Feud]
2. [en] To tolerate significant increases in throughput or other potentially limiting factors.
3. [en] To weigh , measure or grade according to a scale or system.
4. * [II]
5. * [en]
6. [en] To take measurements from (an [engineering drawing] ), treating them as (or as if ) reliable dimensional instructions. [This practice often works but can produce latent ly incorrect results and is thus usually deprecated .]
***** Hyponyms
{{col|en |scale back |scale down |scale out |scale up }}
***** Related terms
- [en]
***** Translations
[to change size of]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Czech: [cs]
- Dutch: [nl] [scale up]
- Estonian: [et]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi] [scale up] , [fi] [scale down] , [fi]
- French: [scale up] [fr] , [scale down] [fr]
- German: [de]
- Maori: [mi]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Spanish: [scale up] [es] , [scale down] [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Turkish: [tr] , [tr]
[trans-bottom]
[to climb]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Ido: [io]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Latin: [la] , [la]
- Maori: [mi] , [mi]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] [ru]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Turkish: [tr]
[trans-bottom]
[to tolerate increases in throughput]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Slovak: [sk]
[trans-bottom]
[to weigh]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Slovak: [sk]
[trans-bottom]
*** Etymology 2
From [en], from [en], from [en] and/or [en], from [en]. Cognate with [ang],
whence the modern doublet [notext=1]. Further cognate with [nl], [de], [fr].
**** Noun
[~]
1. [en] Part of an overlapping arrangement of many small , flat and hard pieces of keratin covering the skin of an animal, particularly a fish or reptile .
2. * [book=7]
3. A small piece of pigmented chitin , many of which coat the wing s of a butterfly or moth to give them their color .
4. A flake of skin of an animal afflicted with dermatitis .
5. Part of an overlapping arrangement of many small , flat and hard protective layers forming a pinecone that flare when mature to release pine nut seeds.
6. [en] The flaky material slough ed off heated metal .
7. Scale mail (as opposed to chain mail ).
8. [en] Limescale .
9. A scale insect .
10. The thin metallic side plate of the handle of a pocketknife .
11. [en] An infestation of [en] on a plant; commonly thought of as, or mistaken for, a [en] .
***** Derived terms
{{col|en|antiscalant|citricola scale|cotton scale|iron scale|scales fall from
someone's eyes|lac scale|lateral scale|leaf-scale|soft scale||scale bark |mill
scale|San Jose scale|scale leaf|scale tree|paraffin scale|scale armor}}
***** Descendants
- [ja]
***** Translations
[keratin pieces covering the skin of certain animals]
- Abkhaz: [ab]
- Adyghe: [ady]
- Afrikaans: [af]
- Aghwan: [xag]
- Ainu: [ain]
- Albanian: [sq]
- Arabic: [ar] , [ar]
- Armenian: [hy] , [hy]
- Azerbaijani: [az]
- Bashkir: [ba] [in fish]
- Basque: [eu]
- Bau Bidayuh: [sne]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Burmese: [my]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Cebuano: [ceb]
- Central Melanau: [mel] , [mel] [of fishes]
- Chamicuro: [ccc]
- Chichewa: [ny]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Egyptian: [of a fish] [šnft]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Estonian: [et]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Georgian: [ka] , [ka] , [ka]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Greenlandic: [kl]
- Hawaiian: [haw]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Hunsrik: [hrx] , [hrx]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Ingrian: [izh]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Kazakh: [kk]
- Khmer: [km]
- Kimaragang: [kqr]
- Korean: [ko]
- Kunigami: [xug]
- Kyrgyz: [ky] , [ky]
- Lao: [lo] , [lo]
- Latin: [la]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Linngithigh: [lnj]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Malay: [ms]
- Maori: [mi]
- Mohawk: [moh] [of fish]
- Mongolian: [mn]
- Norman: [nrf]
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: [oc] , [oc] , [oc]
- Okinawan: [ryu]
- Old English: [ang]
- Persian: [fa] , [fa] , [fa] , [fa]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: [scn]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Tagal Murut: [mvv]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Tajik: [tg]
- Telugu: [te]
- Thai: [th]
- Turkish: [tr]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
- Urdu: [ur] , [ur]
- Uzbek: [uz]
- Vietnamese: [vi]
- Volapük: [vo]
- West Coast Bajau: [bdr]
- Yámana: [yag]
- Yiddish: [yi]
- Yucatec Maya: [yua]
- Yup'ik: [esu]
- Zazaki: [zza]
- Zhuang: [za]
- Zulu: [zu]
[trans-bottom]
[coloured chitin]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Russian: [ru]
[trans-bottom]
[flake of skin]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Polish: [pl]
- Russian: [ru]
- Slovene: [sl]
[trans-bottom]
[pine nut]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Tagalog: [tl]
[trans-bottom]
[flaky material sloughed off heated metal]
- Azerbaijani: [az]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Czech: [cs]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Russian: [ru]
- Sicilian: [scn]
[trans-bottom]
[scale mail]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] < !-- was " armure d' écaille s" - assumed sum-of-parts; if an idiom, remove the embedded wikilinks to the individual words. see User:Kephir/gadgets/xte#Translation_fixing -->
- German: [de]
- Persian: [fa]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[limescale]
**** Verb
[en-verb]
1. [en] To remove the scales of.
2. [en] To become scaly ; to produce or develop scales.
3. [en] To strip or clear of scale; to descale .
4. [en] To take off in thin layers or scales, as tartar from the teeth; to pare off, as a surface.
5. * 1684-1690 , [Thomas Burnet] , _Sacred Theory of the Earth_
6. *: if all the mountains and hills were SCALED , and the earth made even
7. [en] To separate and come off in thin layers or laminae.
8. * [passage=Those that cast their shell are the lobster and crab; the old skins are found, but the old shells never; so it is likely that they SCALE off.]
9. [en] To scatter ; to spread .
10. [en] To clean, as the inside of a cannon, by the explosion of a small quantity of powder.
11. * [passage= cannons [...] caused to be SCALED and loaded]
***** Derived terms
- [en]
***** Translations
[remove the scales of]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Chinese:
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Galician: [gl]
- Georgian: [ka]
- German: [de]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Kabuverdianu: [kea] , [kea]
- Lao: [lo]
- Maori: [mi]
- Northern Sami: [se]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Ternate: [tft]
- Tetum: [tet]
- Thai: [th]
- Turkish: [tr]
- Yiddish: [yi]
[trans-bottom]
[become scaly]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi]
- German: [de]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[to strip or clear of scale]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Georgian: [ka]
[trans-bottom]
[to take off in thin layers or scales]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[to separate and come off in thin layers]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
*** Etymology 3
[en] (southern [enm]), from [en] from [en]. Compare [da], [nl], German [de],
Old High German [goh], Old English [ang].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] A device to measure mass or weight .
2. [en] Either of the pan s, tray s, or dish es of a balance or scales .
***** Usage notes
- The noun is often used in the plural to denote a single device (originally a _pair of scales_ had two pans).
***** Derived terms
{{col|en |platform scale |sample scale |suspension scale |tip the scale
|torsion scale |turn the scale }}
***** Descendants
- [ja]
***** Translations
[device]
[dish of a balance]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [d'une balance] [fr]
- German: [de]
- Greek:
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Khmer: [km]
- Middle English: [enm]
- Persian: [fa]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
***** Further reading
- [scale up]
- [R:OneLook]
- [R:Webster 1913]
- [R:Century 1911]
*** Anagrams
- [en]
[en]
** Italian
*** Pronunciation
[scàle]
*** Noun
[it]
1. [it]
*** Anagrams
- [it]
** Middle English
*** Etymology 1
From [enm].
**** Alternative forms
- [enm]
**** Pronunciation
- [enm]
**** Noun
[enm-noun]
1. flake
***** Descendants
- [en]
- [yol]
***** References
- [entry=scāle]
*** Etymology 2
[enm] From [enm].
**** Alternative forms
- [enm]
**** Noun
[enm-noun]
1. ladder
***** Descendants
- [en]
- [ga]
***** References
- [entry=scāle]
*** Etymology 3
[enm], possibly from [enm], from {{der|enm|ine-pro|*(s)kewH- }}.
**** Alternative forms
- [enm]
**** Noun
[enm-noun]
1. hut , hovel
***** Descendants
- [en]
***** References
- [entry=scāle]
*** Etymology 4
**** Noun
[enm]
1. [enm] [enm]