From en.wiktionary.org:
[Appendix:Variations of "pro"]
** Translingual
[PRO]
*** Etymology
[mul] [mul] + [mul] [mul].
*** Symbol
[mul-symbol]
1. [2&3]
*** See also
- [pro]
** English
*** Pronunciation
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Etymology 1
From Late [en], from [en].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] An advantage of something, especially when contrasted with its disadvantage s ( _con s_ ).
2. A person who supports a concept or principle.
***** Derived terms
- [en]
***** Translations
[advantage of something]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Czech: [cs] , [cs]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- Georgian: [ka]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Slovak: [sk] , [sk] , [sk]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Thai: [th]
- Vietnamese: [vi]
[trans-bottom]
**** Preposition
[en-prep]
1. In favor of .
***** Translations
[in favor of]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Czech: [cs]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Turkish: [tr] , [tr] , [tr]
- Vietnamese: [vi]
[trans-bottom]
*** Etymology 2
[en].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. A professional sportsman.
2. [en] Professional .
***** Derived terms
- [en]
- [en]
- pro hop
- [en]
- [en]
***** Translations
[a professional sportsman]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Norwegian: [no]
[trans-bottom]
[someone who is very good at something]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Czech: [cs]
- Estonian: [et]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- German: [de]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Italian: [it]
- Latin: [la]
- Norwegian: [no]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
- Slovak: [sk] , [sk]
- Spanish: [es] , [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
**** Adjective
[en-adj]
1. Professional .
***** Derived terms
- pro wrestling
*** Etymology 3
[en].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] A prostitute .
2. * 1974 , "Fynn" (Sydney Hopkins), _[Mister God, This Is Anna]_
3. *: Millie was one of the dozen or so PROS who had a house at the top of the street.
***** Derived terms
- [en]
*** Etymology 4
[en]
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] A proproctor .
***** References
- [en]
*** Etymology 5
[en].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] A chemical prophylaxis taken after sex to avoid contracting venereal disease.
*** See also
[en]
*** Anagrams
- [en]
[en] [en]
** Catalan
*** Pronunciation
- [ô]
- [ca]
*** Noun
[m]
1. [en] ; benefit ; bonus
*** Preposition
[ca]
1. [en] , for ; in favour of
** Chinese
*** Etymology
From clipping of [yue].
*** Pronunciation
- [yue] < !--expected pronunciation is /pʰou̯⁵⁵/-->
*** Adjective
[zh][yue]
1. [zh] professional
**** Synonyms
- [專業]
*** See also
- [傾pro]
** Czech
*** Pronunciation
- [cs-IPA]
- [cs]
*** Etymology 1
[cs], from [cs].
**** Preposition
[cs] [cs]
1. for
*** Etymology 2
**** Noun
[n]
1. [en] [advantage]
*** Further reading
- [R:cs:PSJC]
- [R:cs:SSJC]
- [R:cs:IJP]
** Esperanto
*** Pronunciation
[a=Eo-pro.ogg]
*** Preposition
[eo-prep]
1. caused by, because of , owing to , due to
2. motivated by, for the sake of , on account of , for
3. in exchange for
**** See also
- [eo]
- [eo]
[1]
** Finnish
*** Etymology 1
[fi] or [fi].
**** Pronunciation
[proo]
**** Adverb
[-] [fi]
1. instead of , rather than
**** References
- [R:fi:SES]
**** Further reading
- [num=1]
*** Etymology 2
[fi], from [en].
**** Pronunciation
[proo]
**** Adjective
[-] [fi]
1. skilled
***** Declension
[pro]
**** Further reading
- [num=2]
** French
*** Pronunciation
- [fr-IPA]
*** Etymology 1
[fr].
**** Adjective
[mf]
1. [fr] professional
**** Noun
[mfbysense]
1. [fr] professional
2. [fr] a whiz , someone who is very good at something
**** Further reading
- [R:fr:TLFi]
*** Etymology 2
From [fr].
**** Adjective
[mf]
1. [fr] next
** German
*** Etymology
[de].
*** Pronunciation
- [de]
*** Preposition
[de] [de]
1. per , each
**** Usage notes
- Followed by a noun in either the accusative, dative or nominative case. No semantic distinction is made between the cases here. Examples from Duden:
- The accusative is the most prescriptive and most formal sounding case.
- The nominative is especially popular when a bare noun (i.e. without adjectives or other modifiers) follows the preposition:
- When used in a Latin phrase, the ablative is used according to the rules of Latin grammar: [de] or _Pars pro Toto_ , and [de] or _pro Forma_ .
**** Derived terms
- [de]
*** Further reading
- [pro_je_zu_jeweils_fuer]
- [pro_fuer_dafuer]
- [R:de:DWDS]
** Ido
*** Preposition
[io]
1. because of
** Indonesian
*** Pronunciation
- [id]
- [id]
*** Etymology 1
[id].
**** Adjective
[id-adj]
1. [id] [en] , in favor of
2. more
*** Etymology 2
From [id].
**** Noun
[id-noun]
1. [id]
*** Further reading
- [R:KBBI Daring]
** Interlingua
*** Alternative forms
- [ia]
*** Etymology
From [ia], which is the predecessor of [ia], [ia] and [ia] via [ia]. See also
por.
*** Pronunciation
- [ia]
*** Preposition
[ia]
1. for , to , for the sake of , not against
2. in place of , in exchange for , in return for
3. (+ infinitive) to , in order to [expressing the _intended purpose of an action_]
** Italian
*** Etymology 1
[it] From [it].
**** Pronunciation
[prò°,prȯ° < post: [preposition] >]
- The preposition does not trigger syntactic gemination in the following word, but the noun does.
**** Preposition
[it]
1. [it] for , in favor of / in favour of
***** Related terms
- [it] ( [it] , [it] )
**** Noun
[m]
1. [it] good , benefit , advantage , weal
2. * {{ quote-text | it | year=1321 | author=w:Dante Alighieri | title= 吴语: Inferno (Dante) | publisher=Le Monnier | year_published=1994 | section=Canto II, p. 29, vv. 109-111
|passage=Al mondo non fur mai persone ratte ¶ a far lor PRO o a fuggir lor
danno, ¶ com'io, dopo cotai parole fatte.|t=Never were persons in the world so
swift ¶ to work their WEAL and to escape their woe, ¶ as I, after such words
as these were uttered.}}
1. [en] [as in English “pros and cons”]
*** Etymology 2
[it].
**** Pronunciation
[prò*]
**** Noun
[m]
1. [it] pro
** Ladin
*** Noun
[m]
1. [en] ; [en] ; [en]
** Latin
*** Alternative forms
- [la]
*** Etymology
[la] <!--PIt. may need to be created--> [la] From [la], from an innovative
instrumental singular [ine-pro] derived from [la].
Use with accusative nouns is originally by analogy to [la], amplified in Late
Latin due to the merger of other cases with the accusative.
*** Pronunciation
- [prō]
*** Interjection
[la]
1. oh ! alas !
**** Derived terms
[la]
*** Preposition
[prō]
1. for
2. on behalf of, in the interest of, for the sake of
3. * 6TH CENTURY BC , Tibur pedestal inscription (CIL I [2] 2658; image (see https://web.archive.org/web/20220817044528/http://www.dhell.paris-sorbonne.fr/_media/encyclopedie_linguistique:notions_linguistiques:inscriptions:inscriptionslatinesarchaiques-good.pdf) (page 18)):
4. *: [la]
5. before , in front of
6. instead of
7. about
8. according to
9. as , like
10. * [la]
11. as befitting
**** Usage notes
- Use with the accusative is chiefly attested from [Late Latin] onwards.
**** Derived terms
{{col3|la|prōnus |prope |prōtinus |mōs prō lēge<lit:custom for law> |pars prō
tōtō<lit:part for the whole> |prō bonō publicō |prō Deō |prō fōrmā<lit:for
(the sake of) form> |prō rata |prō salūte Imperātōris |prō tantō |quid prō quō
|semel prō semper<t:once and for all> }}
**** Descendants
- [LL.] [see desc]
- [sc]
- Borrowings:
- [it]
- [en]
- [eo]
- [fi]
- [de]
- [id]
- [pt]
*** References
- [R:L&S]
- [R:Elementary Lewis]
- [R:du Cange]
- [R:Gaffiot]
- [R:M&A]
- [R:NLW]
References:
** Luxembourgish
*** Etymology
From [lb].
*** Pronunciation
- [lb]
- [lb]
*** Preposition
[lb]
1. per
** Middle English
*** Etymology
From [enm].
*** Pronunciation
- [enm]
*** Noun
[enm]
1. [enm] advantage , benefit , upside
**** Descendants
- [en]
**** References
- [entry=prō]
** Occitan
*** Pronunciation
- [oc]
- [oc]
*** Preposition
[oc]
1. enough
2. quite
** Old French
*** Etymology 1
**** Preposition
[fro]
1. [fro] [fro]
*** Etymology 2
From [fro]. [fro].
**** Alternative forms
- [fro]
- [fro]
- [fro]
- [fro]
**** Noun
[m]
1. profit, advantage
2. * [fro]
3. * [fro]
***** Descendants
- [fr] (in the idiom [fr] )
** Old Spanish
*** Etymology
From [osp], perhaps via Old Occitan [pro].
*** Pronunciation
- [osp]
*** Noun
[f]
1. usefulness , advantage , benefit
2. * {{ quote-text | osp | year=c. 1200 | author=Almerich | title= 吴语: Fazienda de Ultramar | section=f. 5v
|passage=Andat ⁊ matemoſle. Echemoſle en aq̃l pozo. E ueremos que PROl aura
so suenno. [...] |translation=“Go and let us kill him. Let us throw him into
that pit, and we shall see of what USE his dream is to him! [...]”}}
1. * [osp]
2. * [osp]
**** Related terms
- [osp]
** Portuguese
*** Alternative forms
- [pt]
- [pt]
*** Etymology
[pt].
*** Pronunciation
[prọ]
- [pt]
- [pt]
*** Contraction
[pt-contr-adj]
1. [pt] [pt]
** Sardinian
*** Alternative forms
- [sc]
*** Etymology
From [sc].
*** Pronunciation
- [sc]
*** Preposition
[sc]
1. for
** Spanish
*** Pronunciation
[es-pr]
*** Etymology 1
[es], from [es].
**** Noun
[m]
1. usefulness , advantage , benefit
***** Derived terms
[es]
*** Etymology 2
A recent Latinism, borrowed from [es]; see above. [es].
**** Preposition
[es]
1. [en] , in favor of , for
***** Usage notes
- Equivalent to, and often replaced with, _en pro de_ (see _en_ , _de_ ) or _a favor de_ (see _a_ , _favor_ ).
*** Etymology 3
A very recent anglicism, borrowed from [es].
**** Noun
[mfbysense]
1. [en] (professional)
**** Adjective
[f=#]
1. [en] (professional)
2. * [es]
*** Further reading
- [R:es:DRAE]
** Volapük
*** Preposition
[vo]
1. for
2. * [vo]
3. * [vo]