From en.wiktionary.org:
[Macula]
** English
[Macula of retina]
*** Etymology
From [en], borrowed from [en]. [en].
*** Pronunciation
- [en]
- [en]
*** Noun
[s]
1. [en] An oval yellow spot near the center of the retina of the human eye , histologically defined as having two or more layer s of ganglion cells, responsible for detailed central vision .
2. [en] A small chamber of the inner ear of certain vertebrate s filled with endolymph and containing an otolith .
3. A spot, as on the skin , or on the surface of the sun or of some other luminous orb .
4. A rather large spot or blotch of color .
5. In planetary geology , an unusually dark area on the surface of a planet or moon .
**** Derived terms
{{col|en|hemimacula|maculopathy |macular|lagenar macula}}
**** Related terms
- [oval yellow spot near the center of the retina] [en] , [en]
**** Translations
[anatomy: yellow spot near the center of retina]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Ido: [io]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Persian: [fa]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[spot]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi] ; [fi] [in the sun]
- Ido: [io]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
[trans-bottom]
[large blot or splotch]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Italian: [it]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
[trans-bottom]
[planetary geology: dark area on the surface of planet or moon]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi] [depending on relative size]
- Polish: [pl]
[trans-bottom]
**** Further reading
- [pedia]
- [R:Webster 1913]
- [R:Century 1911]
- [R:OneLook]
[en]
** Catalan
*** Verb
[ca]
1. [macular]
** French
*** Pronunciation
- [fr]
*** Verb
[fr]
1. [fr]
** Italian
*** Alternative forms
- [it]
*** Etymology
[it], whence also the inherited doublet [it].
*** Pronunciation
[^à]
*** Noun
[f]
1. [it] [en]
2. stain , blot
3. [it] [it] blotch
**** Synonyms
- [stain, blot] [it]
**** Related terms
- [it]
*** Further reading
- [lang=it]
- [R:it:Treccani]
*** Anagrams
- [it]
** Latin
*** Alternative forms
- [la] macla
*** Etymology
From [la], from [la], from a root [ine-pro]; related to [grc].[1]
*** Pronunciation
- [macula]
- [maculā]
*** Noun
[macula <1>]
1. [in a bad sense]
1. [la] a spot , speck , small mark [or] stain
1. [la] a disfiguring spot, stain , [or] blemish
1. [la] a blemish, [temporary or permanent] ( [for example,] a bruise, freckle, mole, birthmark, [etc.] )
2. [la] a stain, an area of soiling [or] defilement
2. [la] a fault [or] blemish, a blot on one’s character
3. [la] a mark of shame [or] disgrace; a stigma, brand, [or] blight
2. [in a neutral sense]
1. any kind of marking [or] point of variegation ; a speckle, spot, patch, line, [or similar]
1. [on the skin or coat of an animal]
2. [on the leaves of a plant]
2. [la] a mesh [in a net] , a cell [in a network] , [or] a hole [in a web]
1. [la] a cell [in a coat of mail] , a ring of mail armour
2. [la] a link [in a chain]
**** Declension
[macula <1>]
**** Derived terms
- [la] [cognomen]
- [la]
- [la]
- [la]
**** Descendants
Through Vulgar Latin [VL.]: [top2]
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- [co]
- [en]
- [fr] [see desc]
- [de]
- [it]
- [scn]
- [vec]
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- [fur]
- Gallo-Italic:
- [egl]
- [lmo]
- [rgn]
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin [VL.] :
- [egl]
- [lmo]
- [lij]
- [sc]
- [pms]
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- [fro]
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- [ca]
- [oc]
- [it]
- [scn]
- Ibero-Romance:
- [an]
- [roa-opt]
- [gl]
- [pt]
[bottom] Through Vulgar Latin [VL.]: [top2]
- Ibero-Romance:
- [ast]
- [gl]
- [pt]
- [es]
[bottom] Borrowings: [top2]
- [ast]
- [ca]
- [cs]
- [nl]
- [gl]
- [it]
- [enm]
- [frm]
- [fr]
- [en]
- [goh]
- [de]
- [sga]
- [ga]
- [pt]
- [ru]
- [scn]
- [sk]
- [es]
- [pt]
[bottom]
*** References
References:
[1]. [pages=357-8]
*** Further reading
- [măcŭla]
- [R:Elementary Lewis]
- [R:du Cange]
- [măcŭla]
- [R:M&A]
- [1]
- [macula, macla]
** Middle English
*** Alternative forms
- [enm]
*** Etymology
[enm]. [enm].
*** Pronunciation
- [enm]
*** Noun
[pl=maculas]
1. [enm] A lesion on the eye or skin .
**** Descendants
- [en]
**** References
- [entry=macula ]
[enm]
** Portuguese
*** Verb
[pt]
1. [macular]
** Romanian
*** Etymology
[ro] or [ro].
*** Pronunciation
- [ro]
*** Verb
[maculează]
1. to mark , to spoil
**** Conjugation
[ro-conj-a-ez]
*** Further reading
- [R:DEX]
** Spanish
*** Verb
[es]
1. [macular]