From en.wiktionary.org:
[Jack]
** English
[wikipedia]
*** Pronunciation
- [jăk] , [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Etymology 1
[en] [en], from [en], [en], [fr], from [frm], from the proper name [fr].
Compare [fr].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. A coarse medieval coat of defence , especially one made of leather . [from 14th c.]
2. * 1591 , John Harington, translating Ariosto's _Orlando Furioso_ , x. 73 (quoted in e.g. 1822 , Robert Nares, _A Glossary_ , page 186):
3. *: Their horsemen are with JACKS for most part clad, / Their horses are both swift of course and strong, / They run on horseback with a slender gad, / And like a speare, but that it is more long.
4. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1766 | author= [Walter Harris (historian)] | title=The history and antiquities of the city of Dublin
|passage=threescore men in JACKS or light coats of mail}}
1. * [en]
***** Derived terms
[en]
*** Etymology 2
Transferred use of the personal name [en].
[cricket: eleventh batsman] An allusion to the jack in playing cards, which
follows the 10.
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. _A man._
1. [en] [en] A name applied to a hypothetical or typical man. [from 14th c.]
2. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1723 | title=The New-England Courant | volume=80
|passage=After Dinner they frisk away to some known Place of Rendezvous, where
(at Night) every _JACK_ has his _Jill_ and every _Jill_ has her _JACK_.}}
1. [en] A man , a fellow ; a typical man ; men in general. [from 16th c.]
2. * [act=II]
3. [en] [en] A sailor . [from 17th c.]
4. [en] [en] A policeman or detective ; [Australia] a military policeman . [from 19th c.]
5. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1935 | author=Bernard O'Donnell | title=The trials of Mr. Justice Avory | page=219
|passage=When Wardell arrived on the scene, they were surprised to find that
he was unshaven, and did not look too happy. One of them remarked: "The
'JACKS' (detectives) are after you."}}
1. * [en]
2. [en] [en] A manual laborer . [from 19th c.]
3. [en] [en] A lumberjack . [from 20th c.]
4. [en] [en] A sepoy .
5. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1855 | author=William Delafield Arnold | title=Oakfield: Or, Fellowship in the East | page=280
|passage=I hope to God his theories will not unman him in action, that he will
not be musing and refining when he should be leading the JACKS [...]}}
1. _A device or utensil._
1. [en] A device for turning a spit; a smokejack or roasting jack . [from 14th c.]
2. * [volume=II]
3. Each of a series of block s in a harpsichord or the earlier virginal , communicating the action of the key to the quill ; sometime also, a hopper in a modern piano. [from 16th c.]
4. * {{ quote-book | en | year= 1609 | year_published= 1923 | author= 吴语: William Shakespeare | editor= Edward Bliss Reed | title= Shakespeare's Sonnets | publisher= w:Yale University Press | chapter= Basa Sunda: Shakespeare's Sonnets (1923) Yale/Text/Sonnet 128 | lines=1–14 | text= Do I envy those JACKS that nimble leap < br
/>To kiss the tender inward of thy hand,<br />Whilst my poor lips, which
should that harvest reap,<br />At the wood's boldness by thee blushing
stand!}}
1. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1780 | author=w:Hannah Cowley | title=The Belle's Stratagem | section=I.4
|passage=[W]hat the devil makes you so dull, Letitia? I thought to have found
you popping about as brisk as the JACKS of your harpsichord.}}
1. * [en]
2. [en] a tool used in manual production of glass objects (like bottle s or wine glass es).
3. [en] A support for wood being sawn ; a sawhorse or sawbuck . [16th–19th c.]
4. A device used to hold a boot by the heel , to assist in removing the boot. [from 17th c.]
5. A mechanical device used to raise and (temporarily) support a heavy object, now especially to lift one side of a motor vehicle when (e.g.) changing a tyre. [from 17th c.]
6. Any of various lever s for raising or lowering the sinker s which push the loops down on the needles in a knitting machine or stocking frame. [from 18th c.]
7. [en] A wedge for separating rocks rent by blasting. [from 19th c.]
8. [en] A grating device used to separate and guide the threads in a warping machine; a heck-box . [19th c.]
9. [en] A machine for twisting the sliver as it leaves a carding machine, in the preparation of yarn . [19th–20th c.]
10. [en] A switch for a jack plug , a jackknife switch ; [more generally] a socket used to connect a device to a circuit , network etc. [from 19th c.]
1. _A non-tool object or thing._
1. [en] A pitcher or other vessel for holding liquid, especially alcoholic drink; a black-jack . [from 16th c.]
2. * [chapter=Persius]
3. * 1820-25 , [Charles Lamb] , in _[Essays of Elia]_ (1830)
4. *: He had his tea and hot rolls in a morning, while we were battening upon our quarter-of-a-penny loaf — our _crug_ — moistened with attenuated small beer, in wooden piggings, smacking of the pitched leathern JACK it was poured from.
5. [en] [en] The lowest court card in a deck of standard playing card s, ranking between the 10 and queen , with an image of a knave or pageboy on it. [from 17th c.]
6. [en] A small, typically white, ball used as the target ball in bowls ; a jack-ball . [from 17th c.]
7. * [en]
8. [en] [en] A small ship's flag used as a signal or identifying device; a small flag flown at the bow of the vessel. [from 17th c.]
9. [en] A measure of liquid corresponding to a quarter of a pint. [from 18th c.]
10. * [en]
11. [en] A fake coin designed to look like a sovereign . [19th c.]
12. [en] A jackcrosstree . [1] [from 19th c.]
13. [en] A small, six-pointed playing piece used in the game of jacks . [from 19th c.]
14. [en] A torch or other light used in hunting to attract or dazzle game at night. [from 19th c.]
15. * [en]
16. [en] Money , cash . [from 19th c.]
17. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1939 | author=w:Raymond Chandler | title=w:The Big Sleep | page=133 | publisher=Penguin | year_published=2011
|passage=First off Regan carried fifteen grand, packed it in his clothes all
the time. Real money, they tell me. Not just a top card and a bunch of hay.
That's a lot of JACK (or JACK-SHIT) [...].}}
1. * [en]
2. [en] A strong alcoholic liquor , especially home-distilled or illicit . [from 19th c.]
3. * 1920 , [Hart Crane] , letter, 14 April:
4. *: [ A ] quart of raisin JACK was divided between us with the result that tha day proper (after the night before) was spent very quietly, watered and Bromo-Seltzered, with amusing anecdotes occasionally sprouting from towelled head to towelled head.
5. [en] [en] Nothing, not anything, jack shit . [from 20th c.]
6. * [en ]
7. * [en]
8. [en] The eleventh batsman to come to the crease in an innings.
9. [en] A smooth often ovoid large gravel or small cobble in a natural water course.
1. _A plant or animal._
1. A pike , especially when young. [from 16th c.]
2. [en] A male ass , especially when kept for breeding. [from 17th c.]
3. Any of the marine fish in the family [Carangidae] . [from 17th c.]
4. [en] A jackrabbit . [from 19th c.]
5. * [en]
6. A large California rockfish , the bocaccio , [Sebastes paucispinis] .
7. [Mangifera caesia] , related to the mango tree.
8. [en] [en] Plant in the genus [Arisaema] , also known as Jack-in-the-pulpit , and capitalized Jack .
9. * [en]
10. * [en]
11. [en] Spadix of a plant (also capitalized Jack ).
12. * [en]
13. * [en]
14. [en] [en] Plant of the genus [Emex] , also considered synonymous to [Rumex] , if not then containing two species [lesser jack] and [little jack] for [Emex spinosa] syn. [Rumex spinosus] , Australian English [three-corner jack] and [prickly jack] for [Emex australis] syn. [Rumex hypogaeus] .
***** Derived terms
{{col|en|crackerjack|culturejack|jackbox|jackfield|jackhandle|jackhole|jackless|jackspeak|jacktop|pumpjack|skyjack|unjack
|amberjack |back to back jack |bicolor jack |blackfin jack |blackjack,black
jack |blue jack |bootjack,boot jack |bottle jack |bumper jack |cable jack
|calving jack |cargo jack |car jack |car-jack |cheap-jack |clock jack|jack nut
|cottonmouth jack |crack-a-jack |cracker-jack,cracker jack |Crevalle jack|jack
crevalle| crevalle jack |cross-jack yard |culture-jack |double jack |every man
jack |flapjack |fry jack|ballin' the jack |green jack |hi-jack |horse-eye jack
|ice-jack |jackable |jack-a-dandy |jack-a-lantern |jack-all,jack all
|jackanapes,jack-a-napes |jack arch |jack around |jack-ass |jack-back
|jack-ball |jack bean |jack block |jack-boot,jack boot |jack-booted,jack
booted |jack-boy,jack boy |jack-by-the-hedge |jack chain |jackdaw |jack-easy
|jacked |jacker |jackfish |jack-fool |jackfruit,jack-fruit,jack fruit
|jack-hare |jack-hunting |jacking |jack-in-office |jack-in-the-box
|jack-in-the-bush |jack-in-the-pulpit |jack it |jackje |jack jumper
|jack-knife |jacklight |jackman |jack-of-all-trades,jack of all trades |jack
of clubs |jack of diamonds |jack of hearts |jack of plate |jack of spades
|jack-of-the-dust |jack-o-lantern,jack-o'-lantern,jack o'lantern |jack over
|jack pine |jack plane |jack plug |jack post |jackpot |jackrabbit,jack-rabbit
|jack rafter |jack salmon |jackscrew,jack screw |jackshaft |jack-sinker
|jacksmith |jacksnipe |jack squat |jackstaff,jack-staff |jack stand |jackstone
|jacktar,jack-tar |jack timber |jack towel |jack truss |jack-up
|jack-up-the-orchard |jackwood |Japanese jack mackerel |jaw-jack
|jumping-jack,jumping jack |lance-jack |lazy jack |lumberjack |mangrove jack
|minijack |minute-jack |monkey jack |new jack |new jack swing |one-eyed
jack,one eyed jack |pallet jack |phone jack |pipejacking |pushing-jack
|quarter jack |racing jack |ratchet jack |river jack |roasting jack |sand jack
|screwjack |Senegal jack|African jack |single jack |slippery jack
|smokejack,smoke jack |spit jack |spring jack |steam jack |steeplejack
|supple-jack,supple jack |telephone jack |three-cornered jack |toilet jack
|trolley jack |two-eyed jack |Union Jack |whip-jack
|whiskeyjack,whiskey-jack,whiskey jack |whitetongue jack |yellowfin jack
|yellow jack |Y-jack }}
***** Descendants
- [pt-BR]
- [pt-PT]
***** Translations
[device for raising and supporting a heavy object]
- Apache:
- Arabic: [ar] , [ar]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs] , [cs]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Estonian: [et]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Georgian: [ka] , [ka] , [ka]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Icelandic: [is]
- Ido: [io]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Javanese: [jv]
- Korean: [ko]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Luxembourgish: [lb]
- Malay: [ms] , [ms]
- Maltese: [mt]
- Maori: [mi] , [mi]
- Middle Low German: [gml]
- Mongolian:
- Navajo: [nv]
- Norman: [nrf]
- Norwegian:
- Ottoman Turkish: [ota]
- Persian: [fa]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Spanish: [es] , [es] , [es] , [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Thai: [th]
- Tibetan: [bo]
- Turkish: [tr] , [tr]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
- Vietnamese: [vi]
- Volapük: [vo]
- Zazaki: [zza]
[trans-bottom]
[man or men in general]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Czech: [cs] , [cs] , [cs]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr] , [fr] [slang] , [fr] [slang]
- Georgian: [ka] , [ka] , [ka]
- Greek: [el]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
[trans-bottom]
[male animal]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Portuguese: [pt]
[trans-bottom]
[playing card]
[male ass (the animal)]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Georgian: [ka]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Kashmiri: [ks]
- Maltese: [mt]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Spanish: [es]
[trans-bottom]
[surface mounted connector]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl] [mains] , [nl] [connector] , [nl] [connection] , [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr] , [fr]
- German: [de]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Malay: [ms]
- Norwegian: [no]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt] , [pt]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[target ball in bowls]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs] , [cs]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Italian: [it]
- Maori: [mi]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Spanish: [es]
[trans-bottom]
[small, six-pointed playing piece used in the game of jacks] [trans-bottom]
[slang: nothing]
[nautical: small flag at bow of ship]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Greek: [el]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Serbo-Croatian: [sh]
- Spanish: [es]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
[trans-bottom]
[nautical: naval ensign]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Portuguese: [pt] [Portugal]
[trans-bottom]
[military: coarse medieval coat of defense]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Italian: [it]
- Portuguese: [pt]
[trans-bottom]
[glassblowing tool]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[false coin used for cheating] [trans-bottom]
[slang: money]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi] , [fi]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
[trans-bottom]
[large gravel or small cobble in a natural water course] [trans-bottom]
[freshwater pike]
[large California rockfish]
[fish in the Carangidae family]
- Dhivehi: [dv]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Portuguese: [pt]
[trans-bottom]
[nautical: sailor]
[part of the harpsichord]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- Italian: [it]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Spanish: [es] , [es]
[trans-bottom]
[female ended electrical connector]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Finnish: [fi]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Maori: [mi] , [mi] , [mi]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
[trans-bottom]
***** See also
[table:playing cards/en]
**** Verb
[en-verb]
1. [en] To physically raise using a jack.
2. * [1=en]
3. [en] To raise or increase .
4. To increase the potency of an alcohol ic beverage similarly to distillation by chilling it to below the freezing point of water, removing the water ice crystals that form, and leaving the still-liquid alcoholic portion.
5. * {{ quote-journal | en | year=1941 | journal=Esquire | volume=15 | issue=1-3 | page=176
|passage=Fruit of the orchard has been " JACKED" these many generations, with
Plymouth Rockers putting the hard cider barrel down into the ground to freeze,
and [...]}}
1. * {{ quote-book | en | year=2010 | author=Scott Mansfield | title=Strong Waters: A Simple Guide to Making Beer, Wine, Cider ... | isbn=1615191127
|passage=The potency of a JACKED beverage depends on the temperature applied
to the original beverage; the colder the liquor, the more water can be frozen
out [...]. In New England, where this technique was historically used, people
could get applejack to around 30 percent alcohol [...].}}
1. [to steal] [en] To steal (something), typically an automobile ; to rob (someone).
2. * [en]
3. * [en]
4. [en] To dance by moving the torso forward and backward in a rippling motion.
5. [en] To jack off , to masturbate .
6. * {{ quote-book | en | year=2017 | author=Diamond Johnson | title=Finding My Way Back to Love 2 | publisher=Sullivan Group Publishing | isbn=9781648540035
|passage=I don't even care about mine, I can get my shit off while JACKING in
the shower.}}
1. [en] To fight.
2. [en] To jerk or move by jerking ; to remove or move (something).
***** Derived terms
- [en]
- [en] (several meanings)
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
***** Translations
[use a jack]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Italian: [it]
- Norwegian: [no] (1)
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Spanish: [es]
[trans-bottom]
[steal]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
- Spanish: [es] , [es]
[trans-bottom]
**** Adjective
[en-adj]
1. [en] Tired , disillusioned ; fed up ( [en] ). [from 19th c.]
2. * {{ quote-book | en | year=2006 | author=w:Alexis Wright | title=Carpentaria | publisher=Giramondo | year_published=2012 | page=78
|passage=In the end, black and white were both crawling on the ground in
reconciliation. Both saying that they were plain JACK of each other.}}
*** Etymology 3
From [en], from [en].
**** Alternative forms
- [en]
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. The edible fruit of the Asian tree ( [Artocarpus heterophyllus] ); also the tree itself. [from 16th c.]
2. * [1=en]
3. The related tree [Mangifera caesia] .
*** Etymology 4
[en]
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] A home run .
2. * [en]
3. * [en]
4. * [en]
**** Verb
[en-verb]
1. [en] To hit (the ball) hard; especially, to hit (the ball) out of the field, producing a home run .
2. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1986 | title=Arete: The Journal of Sport Literature | volume=4 | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=33AfAQAAIAAJ | publisher=Sport Literature Association
|passage=An excellent piece of work, Wayne thought, so good in fact, he wasn’t
surprised when Bailey walked to the plate and on the first pitch JACKED the
ball far into the parking lot outside the left-field fence for a tournament
winning homerun.}}
1. * {{ quote-book | en | year=2004 | author=Wayne Stewart | title=Hitting Secrets of the Pros: Big League Sluggers Reveal the Tricks of Their Trade | publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional | isbn=9780071418249 | pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=OADxF3HqEwIC&pg=PA90&dq=jack | page=90
|passage=Therefore, even though Vizquel is certainly not a power hitter, at
times he will try to JACK the ball, perhaps pulling it with just enough oomph
to carry down the line for a homer.}}
1. * [2009] , Jim McManus, quoted in T.J. Lewis, _A View from the Mound: My Father’s Life in Baseball_ , Lulu.com (publisher, 2008), [9781435714861] , page 107 (see http://books.google.com/books?id=wNdyDAwM1nYC&pg=PA107&dq=jacked) :
2. *: Maybe he hung a curve ball to somebody and they JACKED it out of the park on him and he wasn’t upset about it.
***** Derived terms
{{col|en|title=terms derived from _jack (verb)_ |jack in |jack it in |jack off
}}
***** Translations
[to hit the ball hard] [trans-bottom]
[to hit a home run]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
*** References
References:
[1]. 1841 , [Richard Henry Dana Jr.] , _The Seaman's Friend_
- [R:OneLook]
- [R:Webster 1913]
References:
[1]. 1841 , [Richard Henry Dana Jr.] , _The Seaman's Friend_
[en]
** Dutch
*** Etymology
Borrowed from [nl].
*** Pronunciation
- [nl]
*** Noun
[n]
1. jacket
** Portuguese
*** Etymology
[pt]. [pt]. The second sense alludes to [Jack the Ripper], translated to
"Jack o Estripador" in Portuguese, because of the similarity between the words
[pt] and [pt].
*** Pronunciation
[br=djéque]
- [pt]
*** Noun
[m]
1. [en] [an electronic connector mounted on a surface]
2. [pt] rapist , [strictly a male one]
*** Further reading
- [R:pt:Dicionário informal]
[pt] [pt]
** Romanian
*** Noun
[n]
1. [ro]