From en.wiktionary.org:
[Devil]
** English
*** Alternative forms
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Etymology
[en] [en] From [en], [enm], [enm], from [en], from [en], from [en], ultimately
from [en], also as "Satan" (in Jewish/Christian usage, translating [hbo]),
from [grc], literally “to throw across”, from [grc] + [grc]. The Old English
word was probably adopted under influence of [la] (itself from the Greek).
Other Germanic languages adopted the word independently: compare [stq], [fy],
[nl], [nl], [nds-de], [de], [bar], [da], [sv] (older: [sv], [gmq-osw], [non]).
[en].
*** Pronunciation
- [dĕvʹəl] , [en]
- [dĕvʹîl] , [en]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Proper noun
[head=the devil]
1. [en] The chief devil; Satan .
**** Alternative forms
- [en]
**** Translations
[the devil: the chief devil]{{multitrans|data=
- Albanian: [sq] , [sq] ,
- Arabic: [ar] , [ar]
- Aramaic:
- Armenian: [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca] , [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs] , [cs]
- Danish: [da] , [da] , [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo] , [eo]
- Faroese: [fo]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- Galician: [gl]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Gothic: [got]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Icelandic: [is] , [is] , [is] , [is] , [is] , [is] , [is]
- Irish: [ga]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Jeju: [jje]
- Kapampangan: [pam] , [pam]
- Khmer: [km]
- Korean: [ko]
- Kven: [fkv]
- Latin: [la] , [la]
- Ligurian: [lij]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Low German: [nds]
- Luxembourgish: [lb] , [lb]
- Macedonian: [mk] , [mk]
- Malagasy: [mg]
- Maltese: [mt]
- Marathi: [mr]
- Middle English: [enm]
- Mongolian:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Osage: [osa]
- Persian:
- Plautdietsch: [pdt]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt] , [pt]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Spanish: [es]
- Sranan Tongo: [srn]
- Swahili: [sw] , [sw]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv] , [sv] , [sv] [euphemistic]
- Telugu: [te]
- Tzotzil: [tzo]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
- Urdu: [ur]
- Volapük: [vo] , [obsolete] [vo] , [vo]
- Walloon: [wa] , [wa] , [wa]
- Welsh: [cy]
- Yiddish: [yi] , [yi]
- Yoruba: [yo]
}} [trans-bottom]
*** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] An evil creature , the objectification of a hostile and destructive force.
2. [en] A fictional image of a man, usually red or orange in skin color; with a set of horn s on his head, a pointed goatee and a long tail and carrying a pitchfork ; that represents evil and portrayed to children in an effort to discourage bad behavior.
3. The bad part of the conscience ; the opposite to the angel .
4. A wicked or naughty person, or one who harbor s reckless , spirited energy, especially in a mischievous way; usually said of a young child.
5. A thing that is awkward or difficult to understand or do.
6. [en] Hell.
7. A person, especially a man; used to express a particular opinion of him, usually in the phrases POOR DEVIL and LUCKY DEVIL .
8. A printer's assistant.
9. * [en]
10. [en] A poltergeist that haunts printing works.
11. A dust devil .
12. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1877 | author=H. F. Blandford | title=Indian Meteorologist's Vade-mecum | page=140
|passage=The formation of tornados and water-spouts is very probably identical
with that of dust-storms and " DEVILS," _viz._, a sudden disturbance of the
vertical equilibrium of the atmosphere, where by an upward rush of air is
generated, which rapidly becomes spiral.}}
1. * [1=en]
2. [en] A barren, unproductive and unused area. [1] [2]
3. [en] A dish, as a bone with the meat, broiled and excessively peppered; a grill with Cayenne pepper.
4. * [passage=Men and women busy in baking, broiling, roasting oysters, and preparing DEVILS on the gridiron.]
5. A machine for tear ing or cut ting rag s, cotton , etc., as used in the production of mungo or shoddy .
6. * {{ quote-book | en | year=1918 | author=Henry J. Spooner | title=Wealth from Waste: Elimination of Waste A World Problem | publisher=George Routledge & Sons | ISBN=9780879600631 | ol=7219928M | oclc=632478 | page=200 | pageurl=https://archive.org/details/wealthfromwastee00spoouoft/page/200/mode/1up?q=devil
|passage=The woollen things are torn to pieces by a machine having spiked
rollers (termed a DEVIL), cleansed, and the fibre spun with a certain
proportion of new wool, the yarn being afterwards woven into the full-bodied
but flimsy fabric termed shoddy.}}
1. A Tasmanian devil .
2. * 1999 , [Julia Leigh] , _The Hunter_ , Faber & Faber 2012, p. 32:
3. *: He removes his food, water, and torch from the pack and then pushes it to the far end of the tent – no DEVIL is going to rip his pack apart tonight.
4. * [en]
5. [en] An endurance event where rider s who fall behind are periodically eliminate d.
6. [en] [en] .
**** Derived terms
{{col3|en |title=Terms derived from _devil_ (noun) |be a devil|devil
frog|devil in one's eyes|red devil|steam devil|the devil you know |bedevil|
handsome devil|raise the devil |better the devil you know|devil stick|scary
devil monastery |better the devil you know than the devil you don't |better
the devil you know than the devil you don't know |better the devil you know
than the one you don't |better the devil you know than the one you don't know
|between the devil and the deep blue sea |blue devils| devil dance|devil
dancer|devil is beating his wife and marrying his daughter |Cartesian
devil|devil is kissing his wife |dance with the devil |deal with the
devil|idle hands make work for the devil|the devil finds work for idle hands
|devil a bit |devil bird |devil chase|mountain devil|the devil is in the
detail|the devil is in the details|the devil takes care of his own |devil
dancing|cast out the Devil with Beelzebub |devil devil |devil dodger |devil
dog|dirt devil |devil facial tumor disease |devil grass |devil in disguise
|devil in music |devil in one's eyes |devil is in the details |devil lies in
the details |devil ray |devil screecher |devil sign |devil smoke|blue devil
|devil sticks |devil strip |devil take the hindmost |devil to pay |devil to
pay, and no pitch hot |deviled |deviled egg |deviled ham |deviless |devilette
|devil-in-a-bush |devil-in-a-mist |deviling |devil-in-the-bush |devilish
|devilism |devility |devilize |devilkin |devilkind |devilled |devilled egg
|devilled ham |devilled sausages |devillike |devillish |devil-lore
|devil-may-care |devilment |devil-on-the-neck |devil-ridden |devilry |devil's
advocate |devil's antlers |devil's apple |devil's beating his wife |devil's
bit |Devil's bolete |devil's books |devil's bread |Devil's Bridge |Devil's
Broom fire |Devil's buttermilk |devil's candle |devil's claws |devil's
coach-horse |devil's corkscrew |devil's cotton |devil's cucumber |devil's
dandruff |devil's darning needle |devil's doorbell |devil's dozen |devil's
dung |devil's dust |Devil's Dyke |devil's fig |devil's finger |devil's flute
|devil's food cake |devil's garden |devil's gold |devil's grip |devil's hand
|devil's herb |devil's horse |devil's interval |Devil's Island |devil's ivy
|Devils Lake |devil's lane |devil's lettuce |devil's luck |devil's nettle
|Devil's Night |devils on horseback |devil's own |devil's paintbrush |devil's
picture books |devil's proof |devil's purse |Devil's Rings |devil's ropes
|devil seam |Devil's Sea |devil's shoestring |devil's snuffbox |devil's
staircase |devil's strip |devil's tattoo |devil's threesome |devil's toenail
|devil's tongue |Devil's Tower |Devil's Triangle |devil's trumpet |devil's
vine |devil's walking stick |devil's wheel |deviltry |devil wagon |devilward
|dust devil |fire devil |firedevil |fire-devil |folk devil |foreign devil
|full of the devil |give the devil his due |go to the devil |go-devil |hay
devil |he who sups with the devil should have a long spoon |he-devil |hickory
horned devil |how the devil |idle hands are the devil's playthings |idle hands
are the devil's tools |idle hands are the devil's workshop |Jersey Devil |kill
devil |kill-devil |let the devil out |luck of the devil |lucky devil |native
devil |needs must when the devil drives |noonday devil |play the devil with
|poor devil |printer's devil |pull the devil by the tail |red devil |Red
Devils |ring the devil's doorbell |sea devil |seadevil |sell one's soul to the
devil |sell one's soul to the Devil |Seven Devils |she-devil |shoulder devil
|silver-tongued devil |snow devil |soot devil |speak of the devil |speak of
the devil and he appears |speak of the devil and he shall appear |steam devil
|subdevil |talk of the devil |Tasmanian devil |Tassie devil |Tazzie devil
|tell the truth and shame the devil |the devil |the devil a one |the devil has
all the best tunes |the devil is a liar |the devil looks after his own |the
devil makes work for idle hands|idle hands make work for the Devil|the Devil
finds work for idle hands|the Devil makes work for idle hands |the devil we
know is better than the devil we don't |the devil we know is better than the
devil we don't know |the devil you know is better than the devil you don't
|the devil you know is better than the devil you don't know |the devil you say
|thorny devil |underdevil |water devil |what the devil |what the Devil |where
the devil |white devil |who the devil |why the devil
|yoke-devil|archdevil|daredevil|demidevil|devildom|devilet|devilless|devilock|devilship|devilsome|devilwood|outdevil|undevil
}}
**** Related terms
<!--some of these may turn out to be derived rather than related, but this has
not yet been checked-->
- [en]
- [en]
**** Descendants
- [tpi]
- [bor=1]
**** Translations
[evil creature]{{multitrans|data=
- Afrikaans: [af]
- Albanian: [sq] , [sq] , [sq]
- Amharic: [am] , [am] , [am]
- Arabic: [ar] , [ar]
- Armenian: [hy] , [hy]
- Aromanian: [rup]
- Assamese: [as]
- Asturian: [ast]
- Azerbaijani: [az] , [az]
- Bashkir: [ba] , [ba]
- Basque: [eu]
- Belarusian: [be] , [be] , [be] , [be]
- Bengali: [bn] , [bn] , [bn]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg] [alternative, archaic] , [bg] , [bg] [Muslim]
- Burmese: [my] , [my] , [my] , [my]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Chechen: [ce] , [ce] , [ce]
- Chinese:
- Chuvash: [cv] , [cv]
- Cornish: [kw]
- Crimean Tatar: [crh]
- Czech: [cs] , [cs]
- Dalmatian: [dlm]
- Danish: [da]
- Dhivehi: [dv]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Estonian: [et] , [et]
- Faroese: [fo] , [fo] , [fo] , [fo] , [fo] , [fo]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi] , [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Friulian: [fur] , [fur]
- Galician: [gl]
- Georgian: [ka]
- German: [de]
- Gothic: [got] , [got] , [got]
- Greek: [el]
- Greenlandic: [kl] , [kl]
- Gujarati: [gu]
- Haitian Creole: [ht]
- Hausa: [ha]
- Hebrew: [he] , [he]
- Hindi: [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Hunsrik: [hrx]
- Icelandic: [is] , [is] , [is] , [is] , [is]
- Ido: [io]
- Indonesian: [id] , [id] , [id]
- Ingrian: [izh] , [izh] , [izh] [obsolete]
- Interlingua: [ia]
- Irish: [ga]
- Istriot: [ist] , [ist]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja] , [ja]
- Kannada: [kn]
- Kapampangan: [pam] , [pam] , [pam] , [pam]
- Kazakh: [kk] , [kk] , [kk] , [kk] , [kk]
- Khakas: [kjh]
- Khmer: [km] , [km] , [km]
- Kikuyu: [ki]
- Korean: [ko] , [ko]
- Kurdish:
- Kven: [fkv]
- Kyrgyz: [ky] , [ky] , [ky]
- Laboya: [lmy]
- Lao: [lo]
- Latgalian: [ltg] , [ltg]
- Latin: [la] , [la]
- Latvian: [lv]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Low German:
- Luxembourgish: [lb]
- Macedonian: [mk] , [mk] , [mk] [Muslim]
- Malagasy: [mg]
- Malay: [ms] , [ms]
- Malayalam: [ml]
- Maltese: [mt] , [mt]
- Maore Comorian: [swb]
- Maori: [mi]
- Marathi: [mr]
- Megleno-Romanian: [ruq]
- Middle English: [enm]
- Mongolian:
- Nepali: [ne]
- North Frisian: [Mooring] [frr]
- Northern Altai: [atv] , [atv]
- Northern Ohlone: [cst]
- Northern Sami: [se] , [se] , [se]
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: [oc]
- Odia: [or]
- Ojibwe: [oj]
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Czech: [zlw-ocs]
- Old East Slavic: [orv] , [orv] , [orv]
- Old English: [ang]
- Old Norse: [non]
- Old Persian: [peo]
- Ossetian: [os]
- Ottoman Turkish: [ota]
- Pannonian Rusyn: [rsk] , [rsk] , [rsk] , [rsk]
- Pashto: [ps] , [ps]
- Persian:
- Polish: [pl] , [pl] , [pl] , [pl] , [pl] , [pl] [archaic] , [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Punjabi: [pa]
- Quechua: [qu]
- Romani: [rom]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Romansch: [rm]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru] , [ru] [Satan] , [ru] [Muslim]
- Sanskrit: [sa] , [sa] , [sa] , [sa]
- Sardinian: [sc] , [sc] , [sc]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Shor: [cjs]
- Sicilian: [scn]
- Sinhalese: [si]
- Slovak: [sk] , [sk]
- Slovene: [sl] , [sl]
- Slovincian: [zlw-slv] , [zlw-slv]
- Somali: [so]
- Southern Altai: [alt]
- Spanish: [es] , [es] , [es] [Peru]
- Sundanese: [su]
- Swahili: [sw] , [sw]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv]
- Tajik: [tg] , [tg]
- Tamil: [ta]
- Tatar: [tt] , [tt]
- Telugu: [te]
- Thai: [th] , [th] , [th]
- Tibetan: [bo]
- Tigrinya: [ti]
- Turkish: [tr] , [tr]
- Turkmen: [tk] , [tk]
- Udmurt: [udm] , [udm]
- Ukrainian: [uk] , [uk] , [uk] , [uk] , [uk]
- Urdu: [ur] , [ur]
- Uyghur: [ug] , [ug]
- Uzbek: [uz] , [uz]
- Venetan: [vec] , [vec] , [vec] , [vec] , [vec] , [vec] , [vec]
- Vietnamese: [vi] ( [vi] ), [vi] ( [vi] ), [vi] ( [vi] ), [vi] ( [vi] )
- Volapük: [♂♀] [vo] , [♂] [vo] , [♀] [vo] , [obsolete] [vo]
- Walloon: [wa]
- Welsh: [cy]
- West Frisian: [fy]
- Yakut: [sah]
- Yiddish: [yi] , [yi] , [yi] , [yi] , [yi]
[trans-bottom]
[bad part of the conscience]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Czech: [cs]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Kapampangan: [pam]
- Low German:
- Luxembourgish: [lb]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Yiddish: [yi]
[trans-bottom]
[wicked or naughty person]
- Catalan: [ca] , [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el] , [el] , [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Icelandic: [is] , [is] , [is] , [is]
- Irish: [ga] , [ga]
- Kapampangan: [pam] , [pam]
- Low German:
- Luxembourgish: [lb]
- Macedonian: [mk] , [mk] , [mk]
- Marathi: [mr]
- Middle English: [enm]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl] , [pl] [of a child]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovincian: [zlw-slv]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Volapük: [♂♀] [vo] , [♂] [vo] , [♀] [vo]
- Yiddish: [yi] [of a child] , [yi] [of a child]
[trans-bottom]
[thing that is awkward or difficult to understand]
- Chinese:
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- Georgian: [ka]
- Kapampangan: [pam]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Polish: [pl]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
[trans-bottom] [euphemistically, with an article: Hell (as an intensifier)]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Kapampangan: [pam]
- Low German:
- Luxembourgish: [lb]
- Marathi: [mr]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Spanish: [es]
[trans-bottom]
[person, especially a man; used to express a particular opinion of him]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl] [informal]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Kapampangan: [pam] , [pam]
- Low German:
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Marathi: [mr]
- Romanian: [ro]
}} [trans-bottom]
[dust devil]
[checktrans-top]
- Albanian: [sq] , [sq]
- Estonian: [et]
- French: [fr]
<!-- this should be moved to diable **_what the devil are you doing?_ — que
diable fais-tu? -->
- Hindi: [hi]
- Indonesian: [id] , [id]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
<!-- this should be moved to diavolo/cavolo **_what the devil are you doing?_
— che diavolo fai? _or_ che cavolo fai? -->
- Latin: [la]
- Norman: [nrf]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro] , [ro]
- Vietnamese: [vi] , [vi] , [vi]
- Welsh: [cy] , [cy] [in curses]
[trans-bottom]
*** Verb
[pres_ptc_qual=US]
1. To make like a devil; to invest with the character of a devil.
2. To annoy or bother .
3. [en] To work as a ‘devil’; to work for a lawyer or writer without fee or recognition.
4. * {{ quote-book | en | year=1978 | author=w:Lawrence Durrell | title=Livia | publisher=Faber & Faber | year_published=1992 | series=Avignon Quintet | page=401
|passage=He did not repeat the scathing estimate of her character by
Quatrefages, who at that time spent one afternoon a week DEVILLING at the
Consulate, keeping the petty-cash box in order.}}
1. To ghostwrite ; to author while working as a ‘devil’.
2. * [en]
3. To prepare (food) with spice s, making it spicy :
1. To grill with cayenne pepper ; to season highly in cook ing, as with pepper .
2. * [en]
3. To finely grind cooked ham or other meat with spices and condiments.
4. To prepare a sidedish of shelled halved boiled eggs to whose extracted yolks are added condiments and spices, which mixture then is placed into the halved whites to be served.
4. To shred fabric into its fibres for recycling, as in the production of mungo or shoddy .
5. * {{ quote-book | en | year=1918 | author=Henry J. Spooner | title=Wealth from Waste: Elimination of Waste A World Problem | publisher=George Routledge & Sons | ISBN=9780879600631 | ol=7219928M | oclc=632478 | page=200 | pageurl=https://archive.org/details/wealthfromwastee00spoouoft/page/200/mode/1up?q=devil
|passage=Tailors' clippings and remnants of fine woollen goods, such as
broadcloth, etc., are DEVILLED and spun into yarn for making cloth of nicer
quality, called mungo.}}
**** Usage notes
- UK usage doubles the L in the inflected forms "devi LL ed" and "devi LL ing"; US usage generally does not.
**** Derived terms
{{col3|en|title=food| |deviled egg,devilled egg |deviled ham,devilled ham
|devilled sausages }} {{col3|en|title=bothersome| |devil seam |between the
devil and the deep blue sea |devil to pay |devil bolt }}
**** Translations
[annoy or bother]{{multitrans|data=
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl] , [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- German: [de] , [de] , [de] , [de] , [de]
- Icelandic: [is] , [is] , [is]
[trans-bottom]
[grill with cayenne pepper]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
}} [trans-bottom]
*** See also
{{col3|en| |Al-Shaytaan |angel |daeva |demon |enemy |ghoul |jinn |Lucifer
|nasnas |Satan }}
*** References
References:
[1]. Dictionary of Regional American English
[2]. Word Detective: Tales from the berm (see http://www.word-detective.com/030600.html#devilstrip)
*** Further reading
- [pedia]
*** Anagrams
- [en]
[en]
** Middle English
*** Noun
[enm]
1. [enm]