From en.wiktionary.org:
[Appendix:Variations of "cat"]
** Translingual
*** Etymology
[mul] [mul] or [mul].
*** Symbol
[mul-symbol]
1. [2&3]
*** See also
- [ca]
** English
[2025]
*** Pronunciation
- [kăt] , [en]
- [en]
- [en] [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Etymology 1
From [en], [enm], from [en], [ang], from [en], from [en], generally thought to
be from [en] (c. 350, 吴语: Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius), from [en]
(c. 75 [A.D.], 吴语: Martial),[1] from an [en] language.
This would roughly match how domestic cats themselves spread, as genetic
studies suggest they began to spread out of the Near East / Fertile Crescent
during the Neolithic (being in Cyprus by 9500 years ago,<ref
name="ISample"/><ref name="COttoni"/> and Greece and Italy by 2500 years
ago[2]), especially after they became popular in Egypt.[3][4] However, every
proposed source word has presented problems. 吴语: Adolphe Pictet[5] and many
subsequent sources refer to 吴语: Barabra (Nubian) [onw] and "Nouba" (吴语: Nobiin
language) [fia] as possible sources or cognates,[6] but M. Lionel Bender says
the Nubian word is a loan from [ar].[7] Jean-Paul Savignac suggests the Latin
word is from an Egyptian precursor of [cop] suffixed with feminine [egy],[8]
but John Huehnergard says "the source [...] was clearly not Egyptian itself,
where no analogous form is attested."<ref name="Qitta"/>
It may be a wanderword.[9] Kroonen says the word must have existed in Germanic
from a very early date, as it shows morphological alternations, and suggests
that it might have been borrowed from Uralic, compare [se] and [hu] from
[urj-pro].[10] [2] Related to [sco], [fy], [frr] and [frr], [nl], [da], [no],
[sv], [nds-de] and [nds-de], [de], [gsw], [is], [af], [la], [fr], [nrf], [oc],
[pt], [es], [rup], [gd], [ga], [br], [cy], [kw], as well as [grc], [el], [tr],
and from the same ultimate source [ru], [uk], [be], [pl], [csb], [lt], and
more distantly [hy], [eu], [ar] alongside dialectal Maghrebi Arabic [ar] (from
Berber, probably from Latin). [col-bottom]
**** Noun
[~]
1. [Terms relating to animals .]
1. [en] An animal of the family [Felidae] .
2. * [en]
1. [en] A carnivorous , four-legged , generally furry domesticated species ( [Felis catus] ) of feline animal, commonly kept as a house pet . [from 8th c.]
2. * [II]
1. [en] The flesh of this animal eaten as food .
2. * [en]
3. * [en]
4. * [en]
3. Any similar, chiefly non-domesticated , animal of the family [Felidae] , which includes bobcat s, caracal s, cheetah s, cougar s, leopard s, lions , lynx es, tiger s, and other such species.
4. * [en]
5. * [en]
6. * [en]
3. [en] _Chiefly with a descriptive word_ : an animal not of the family Felidae which (somewhat) resemble s a domestic feline _( [en] )_ .
2. [en] [Terms relating to people .]
1. [en] An angry or spiteful person, especially a woman . [from early 13th c.]
2. * [en]
3. [en] An ordinary person, especially a man ; a fellow , a guy .
4. * [en]
5. * [en]
6. * 1973 December, "Books Noted", discussing _A Dialogue_ (by James Baldwin and Nikki Giovanni), in _Black World_ , Johnson Publishing Company, 77.
7. *: BALDWIN: That's what we were talking about before. And by the way, you did not have to tell me that you think your father is a groovy CAT ; I knew that.
8. * [en]
9. * [page=208]
10. * [en]
11. [en] [en] .
12. [en] A jazz musician ; also, an enthusiast of jazz music .
13. * [en]
14. [en] [en] . [from early 15th c.]
15. * [en]
3. [en] [Terms relating to thing s.]
1. A double tripod for holding a plate , etc., with six feet , of which three rest on the ground in whatever position it is placed .
2. [en]
1. [en] The game of trap ball ; also [en] , the trap in that game.
2. [en] [en] The pointed piece of wood that is struck in the game of tipcat .
3. [en]
1. A strong tackle used to hoist an anchor to the cathead of a ship .
2. * [en]
3. [en] [en] .
4. * [en]
5. [en] _Now only in_ CATBOAT : a sturdy merchant sailing vessel .
4. [en] [en] A wheeled shelter , used in the Middle Ages to protect assailant s approaching besieged enemy defences ; a cathouse .
5. * [en]
6. [en] A vagina or vulva .
7. * [en]
8. * [en]
9. * [en]
***** Alternative forms
- [en] [obsolete]
***** Hyponyms
{{col4|en|title=domestic cat breeds and varieties |Abyssinian cat |Aegean cat
|Bengal cat |Bombay,Bombay cat |Burmese,Burmese cat |calico cat |Cyprus cat
|Maine Coon,Maine Coon cat |Maltese cat |Manx,Manx cat |Norwegian forest cat
|Ocicat |Persian,Persian cat |Russian Blue,Russian Blue cat |Savannah cat
|Serengeti cat |Siamese,Siamese cat |tabby,tabby cat |tortoiseshell cat
|tuxedo cat |Van cat |wolf-cat }}
{{col4|en|title=other feline species |[African golden cat] ([Caracal aurata])
|Andean cat, Andean mountain cat ([Leopardus jacobitus]) |Asian golden cat,
Asiatic golden cat, Temminck's cat ([Catopuma temminckii]) |bay cat ([Catopuma
badia]) |black-footed cat ([Felis negripes]) |bobcat ([Lynx rufus])
|cat-a-mountain,cat o' mountain |Chinese desert cat, Chinese mountain cat
([Felis bieti]) |colocolo, pampas cat, Pampas cat ([Leopardus colocola])
|desert cat ([Felis silvestris lybica]) |false saber-toothed cat,false
sabre-toothed cat |fisher cat ([Pekania pennanti], syn. [Martes pennanti])
|fishing cat ([Prionailurus viverrinus]) |flat-headed cat ([Prionailurus
planiceps]) |Geoffroy's cat ([Leopardus geoffroyi]) |Iriomote cat
([Prionailurus iriomotensis]) |leopard cat ([Prionailurus bengalensis])
|little spotted cat, oncilla ([Leopardus tigrinus]) |manul, Pallas' cat,
Pallas cat, Pallas's cat, steppe cat ([Otocolobus manul]) |miner's cat
([Bassariscus astutus]) |mountain cat |Pantanal cat ([Leopardus braccatus])
|roaring cat ([Panthera] spp.) |rusty-spotted cat ([Prionailurus rubiginosus])
|sabercat,saber-toothed cat,sabrecat,sabre-toothed cat |sand cat ([Felis
margarita]) |scimitar cat,scimitar-toothed cat |tiger cat }}
***** Derived terms
{{col3|en |a cat can look at a king |a cat in gloves catches no mice |a cat in
hell's chance |a cat may look at a king |all cats are grey by night,all cats
are grey in the dark |alley cat |anticat |Arnold's cat map |ball-tailed cat
|barn cat |bearcat,bear cat |bell the cat |big cat |black cat |blue cat
|cabbit |catgender |cactus cat |care killed a cat,care killed the cat
|cataholic |cat and dog |cat and dog life |cat and kitten sneaking
|cat-and-mouse,cat and mouse |cat around |catbath |cat bear
|catbird,cat-bird,cat bird |cat-block |catblogging |cat box |catboy
|cat-burglar,cat burglar |cat-burglarize |cat burglary |cat-burgle |catbutt
|cat cafe,cat café |catcall,cat-call |cat calling the kettle black |cat-castle
|catcatcher |catclaw,cat-claw |cat containment |cat-cow |cat cracker |cat cube
|cat distribution system |catdom |cat door |caterole |caterwaul |catess
|cat-eye |cat-eyed |catface |cat factory |catfall |cat farm |catfight,cat
fight |catfish |catfit |cat-flap,cat flap |cat food |cat-foot |cat-footed
|catfucker |cat-fur,cat fur |catgirl,cat-girl,cat girl |cat got someone's
tongue,cat got your tongue? |cat grape |catgut |cathair |cat-hammed
|cat-harpin,cat-harping |cathead,cat-head |cathole,cat-hole,cat hole |cathood
|cat hotel |cathouse,cat-house,cat house |cat ice |caticorn |cat in hell's
chance |cat in the meal-tub,cat in the meal tub |cat in the pan |cat in the
sack |catio |catitude |catkin |catkind |cat lady |catlap,cat-lap |catless
|catlet |cat-lick |catlicker |catlike,cat-like |catling |cat litter |cat liver
fluke |catloaf |catlore |catlover |catloving |catly |cat malogen |cat-man,cat
man |cat meat |cat milk |catmill,cat mill |catmint |catnap,cat-nap,cat nap
|catnapper,cat-napper,cat napper |catness |catnip,cat-nip,cat nip
|cat-o'-nine,cat-o-nine |cat-o'-nine-tails |catophile |cat organ |catperson
|cat piss |catproof,cat-proof |cat-rigged |cat-salt |cat's cradle
|catscratch,cat scratch |cat-scratch disease,cat scratch disease |cat-scratch
fever,cat scratch fever |cat's eye |catsfoot,cat's-foot |catshank |catshark
|catshit |cat-shy |catsicle |cat-sit,cat sit |catsitter |catskin |catskinner
|catslaughter |catslide |cat's meat |cat's melody |cat's meow |cat snake
|cat's pajamas,cat's pyjamas |cat's paw |catspeak |cat squirrel |catstail |cat
state |catstep |catstick,cat-stick |catstitch |cat stretch |catsuit |cat's
whisker,cat's whiskers |catswort |cattail |cat-tail sedge |cat tax |cattery
|cat that ate the canary,cat that swallowed the canary |cat that got the cream
|cat thyme |cattish |cattitude |catto |cat tongue |cat tower |cat train
|cat-trap |cat tree |catty |cat unit |Caturday |catvertising |cat wagon
|catwalk,cat-walk |catwalker |cat wheel |catwise |cat-witted |catwoman
|catworm |catwort |channel cat |Cheshire cat |chessy cat |civet cat |civvy cat
|community cat |conceited as a barber's cat |cool cat |coon cat
|copycat,copy-cat,copy cat |cow cat |curiosity killed the cat |dead cat
|dead-cat bounce,dead cat bounce |different breed of cat |dog and cat |dogs
have masters, cats have staff,dogs have owners, cats have staff |domestic cat
|duck-bill cat,duckbill cat,duck-billed cat |enough to make a cat laugh |ewe
cat |farm cat |fat-cat,fat cat |feral cat |fight like cat and dog,fight like
cats and dogs |flying cat |fraidy cat,fraidy-cat |gib-cat,gib cat |grandcat
|great cat |grin like a Cheshire cat |guilty as a cat in a goldfish bowl
|he-cat |hellcat |hepcat,hep-cat,hep cat |herd cats |housecat,house cat
|hunting cat |hydrophobia cat |Janus cat |Japan cat |Java cat |jungle cat
|KatyCat |kick at the cat |Kilkenny cat |kit-cat |kitling |kitty-cat,kitty cat
|kleptocat |lap cat |lead a cat-and-dog life |let the cat out |let the cat out
of the bag |like a cat in a strange garret |like a cat on a hot tin roof |like
a cat on hot bricks |like a scalded cat |like herding cats |like the cat that
got the cream |lolcat |look like something the cat brought in,look like
something the cat dragged in |look what the cat dragged in,look what the cat
drug in,look what the cat's dragged in,look who the cat dragged in |make a cat
laugh |marbled cat |m-cat |mercat |mudcat |multicat |musk cat |native cat
|nervous as a cat |nervous as a long-tailed cat in a room full of rocking
chairs |noncat |not enough room to swing a cat |not while pussy's a cat |old
cat |painted cat |phoby cat |play the cat and banjo with |podcat |poor as a
barber's cat |pork-cat syndrome |pseudocat |pussy cat |put the cat among the
pigeons |rain cats and dogs |ram-cat |reduced cat |ringtail cat, ring-tail
cat, ringtailed cat, ring-tailed cat ([Bassariscus astutus]) |ring-tailed
civet cat |robocat |saltcat |scaredy cat,scaredy-cat |Schrödinger's cat |sea
cat |see which way the cat jumps |set the cat among the pigeons |she-cat
|shoot the cat |sick as a cat |singed cat |skin the cat |snowcat |so help me
cat |spokescat |stink-cat |tear a cat,tear-cat |the cat would eat fish but
would not wet her feet |there are many ways to skin a cat,there's more than
one way to skin a cat |there's more than one way to feed a cat |there's more
than one way to fuck a cat |thin as a barber's cat |tip-cat |toddy cat
|tomcat,tom-cat,tom cat |top cat |troll cat |Velcro cat |wait for the cat to
jump |walk back the cat,walk the cat back |wampus cat |watchcat |werecat |when
the cat's away the mice will play |whip the cat |wildcat,wild-cat,wild cat
|wobbly cat syndrome }}
***** Translations
[Noun]
**** Verb
[en-verb]
1. [en] To hoist (an anchor ) by its ring so that it hangs at the cathead .
2. * [en]
3. [en] To flog with a cat-o'-nine-tails .
4. [en] To vomit .
5. To go wander ing at night .
6. * [en]
7. * [en]
8. * [en]
9. To gossip in a catty manner.
10. * [en]
11. * [en]
12. * [en]
***** Translations
[raise anchor to cathead]
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Italian: [it]
- Norwegian: [no]
- Saraiki: [skr]
- Sedang: [sed]
- Urdu: [ur]
[trans-bottom]
[flog]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
[trans-bottom]
[vomit]
- Afrikaans: [af] , [af]
- Chinese:
- Danish: [da]
- Estonian: [et]
- Finnish: [slang] [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr] , [fr] , [fr]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv]
[trans-bottom]
**** See also
{{col3|en |feline |kitten |kitty |meow |mog |moggie |moggy |miaow |nine lives
|Schrödinger’s cat |tabby |purr }}
*** Etymology 2
From [en], derived from the program's function of concatenating files.
Compare [en].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] A program and command in Unix that reads one or more files and directs their content to the standard output.
**** Verb
[en-verb]
1. [en] To apply the CAT command to (one or more files).
2. [en] To dump large amounts of data on (an unprepared target), usually with no intention of browsing it carefully.
*** Etymology 3
Abbreviations.
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] [A street name of the drug methcathinone .]
2. [en] .
3. [en] .
4. [en] .
5. * [1=en]
6. [en] .
7. [en] .
8. * [en]
9. * {{ quote-journal | en | year=1916 | author=M. Shults | title=Fishing for Yellow Cat in the Brazos | journal=Field and Stream | section=vol. 21, 478
|passage=Fishing for CAT is probably, up to a certain stage, the least
exciting of all similar sports.}}
1. [en] .
1. [en] Any of a variety of earth-moving machine s. (from their manufacturer [Caterpillar Inc.] )
2. A ground vehicle which uses caterpillar track s, especially tractors, trucks, minibuses, and snow groomers.
2. [en] .
**** Adjective
[-]
1. [en] [en] Catastrophic ; terrible , disastrous .
***** Derived terms
[en]
*** References
References:
[1]. [R:Etymonline]
[2]. Dennis C. Turner, Patrick Bateson, _The Domestic Cat: The Biology of its Behaviour_ ( [1107512212] ), page 93
[3]. Ian Sample, _DNA research identifies homeland of the domestic cat (see https://www.theguardian.com/science/2007/jun/29/genetics.sciencenews) _ , in _The Guardian_ (29 June 2007)
[4]. Claudio Ottoni, Wim Van Neer, Eva-Maria Geigl, et al, _The palaeogenetics of cat dispersal in the ancient world_ , in _Nature: Ecology & Evolution_ , volume 1 (19 June 2017) (doi: 10.1038/s41559-017-0139); summarized e.g. by PLOS (see https://web.archive.org/web/20180516020404/http://blogs.plos.org/onscienceblogs/2017/06/23/where-did-cats-come-from/)
[5]. [vol=I]
[6]. Otto Keller, _Die antike Tierwelt_ , vol. 1: _Säugetiere_ (Leipzig, 1909), 75; Walther von Wartburg, ed. _吴语: Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch_ , vol. 2 (Basel: R. G. Zbinden, 1922–1967), 520.
[7]. John Huehnergard, “Qitta: Arabic Cats”, in _Classical Arabic Humanities in Their Own Terms_ , ed. Beatrice Gruendler (Leiden: Brill, 2008), 407–18.
[8]. Jean-Paul Savignac, _Dictionnaire français-gaulois_ , s.v. " chat " (Paris: Errance, 2004), 82.
[9]. [ed=22]
[10]. [*kattōn-]
[11]. [8392]
*** Further reading
- [pedia]
*** Anagrams
- [en]
[en] [en]
** Indonesian
[lang=id]
*** Etymology
From [id], from [id].
*** Pronunciation
[id-pr]
*** Noun
[id-noun]
1. paint
*** Verb
[+]
1. to paint
**** Derived terms
{{col|id |bercat |catan |pengecat<t:painter> |pengecatan<t:act of painting> }}
{{col|id |cat air |cat alis |cat bakar |cat batik |cat bibir |cat kuku |cat
lateks |cat minyak |cat rambut |cat semprot |cat wajah }}
*** Further reading
- [R:KBBI Daring]
[id]
** Irish
*** Alternative forms
- [ga]
*** Etymology
From [ga],[11] from [ga], from either [ga] or [ga].
*** Pronunciation
- [ga]
- [ga]
- [ga]
*** Noun
[m]
1. cat [domestic feline; member of the Felidae]
**** Declension
[c]
**** Derived terms
{{col|ga |caitín<t:catkin> |catach<pos:a><t:curly-haired> |catachas<t:heat (in
a cat)> |cat crainn<t:pine marten> |cat Manannach<t:Manx cat> |cat
mara<t:catfish> |catsúil<t:ogle> |catúil<pos:a><t:feline> |fearchat<t:tomcat>
|liopardchat<t:leopard-cat> |catán }}
*** Mutation
[ga-mut]
*** References
[size=smaller]
*** Further reading
- [R:ga:Ó Dónaill]
- [ed=1]
- [R:ga:EID]
- [R:ga:NEID]
[ga]
** Malay
*** Etymology
[ms].
*** Pronunciation
- [ms-IPA]
- [ms]
- [ms]
*** Noun
[j=چت]
1. paint [substance]
**** Affixed terms
- bercat
- mengecat [ms] : to paint
- dicat [ms] : to be painted
- [ms] : painting [an artwork in the form of a painted picture]
- pengecatan : the action of applying paint to something (e.g. a surface, etc.)
- pengecat : painter [a person whose job is painting buildings]
**** Descendants
- [id]
- [tsg]
*** Further reading
- [R:PRPM]
[ms]
** Middle English
*** Alternative forms
- [enm]
- [enm]
*** Etymology
From [enm], [ang], this is in turn from [enm].
*** Pronunciation
- [enm]
*** Noun
[cattes]
1. [en] (feline)
**** Synonyms
- [enm]
**** Descendants
- [en]
- [sco]
- [yol]
*** References
- [entry=cat]
[enm]
** Norman
*** Etymology
From [nrf] (variant of [nrf]) from [nrf].
*** Pronunciation
- [nrf]
- [nrf]
*** Noun
[m]
1. [en]
2. * {{ quote-text | nrf | year=c. 1830 | author=w:George Métivier | title=Lamentations de Damaris
|passage=Où'est donc qu'j'iron, mé et mes puches / Ma CATTE, et l'reste de
l'écu?}}
1. * [1=nrf ]
2. * {{ quote-book | nrf | year=2006 | author=Peggy Collenette | chapter=D'la gâche de Guernési | title=P'tites Lures Guernésiaises | publisher=Cromwell Press | year_published=2006 | page=20
|passage=Ils d'visirent pour enne haeure, mais la Louise était pas chagrinaïe
au tour sa pâte, pasqué a savait que le CAT était à gardaïr la pâte caoude.
|t=They talked for an hour, but Louise was not worried about her dough,
because she knew that the CAT was keeping the dough warm.}}
1. [nrf] [common dab] ( [Limanda limanda] )
**** Derived terms
- [nrf]
[nrf] [nrf]
** Old French
*** Noun
[m]
1. [fro] [fro]
** Romanian
*** Etymology
[ro].
*** Pronunciation
- [ro]
- [ro]
*** Noun
[n]
1. [ro] floor ( storey )
2. * {{ quote-text | ro | year=1892 | author=w:Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea | title= Basa Sunda: ro:Domnul Vucea
|passage=Mi-aduc bine aminte că unul sărea de la al cincilea CAT, și c-o mână
își ținea pălăria. Grozav îi era de pălărie! |translation=I remember well
that one was jumping from the fifth FLOOR, and was holding his hat with one
hand. That proud was he of the hat!}}
**** Declension
[ro-noun-n-uri]
** Scots
*** Alternative forms
- [sco]
- [sco]
*** Etymology
From [sco], from [sco], from [sco], [enm], from [sco], [ang], from [sco], from
[sco].
*** Noun
[sco-noun]
1. cat ( [Felis catus] )
** Scottish Gaelic
*** Etymology
From [gd], borrowed from [gd]. Cognates include [ga] and [gv].
*** Pronunciation
- [gd]
- [gd]
- [gd]
*** Noun
[g=m]
1. cat ( [Felis catus] )
**** Declension
[c]
**** Derived terms
{{col4|gd |clòimh-chat}}
*** Mutation
[c]
*** References
[size=smaller]
*** Further reading
- [+]
[gd]