From en.wiktionary.org:
** English
[wikipedia]
*** Pronunciation
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en] [in some dialects]
- [en]
- [en]
*** Etymology 1
[en] From [en], [enm], from [en], [ang], from [en], from [en], equivalent to
[en] used attributively. Cognate with [stq], [fy], [nds], [nl], [de], [sv],
[is] (all meaning “bitter”).
**** Adjective
[more]
1. Having an acrid taste (usually from a basic substance).
2. * [III]
3. * {{ quote-journal | en | date=May 16 2018 | author=Adam Rogers | journal= Wired | titleurl=https://www.wired.com/story/the-fundamental-nihilism-of-yanny-vs-laurel/ | title=The Fundamental Nihilism of Yanny vs. Laurel
|passage=A few types of molecules get sensed by receptors on the tongue.
Protons coming off of acids ping receptors for "sour." Sugars get received as
"sweet." BITTER, salty, and the proteinaceous flavor umami all set off their
own neural cascades.}}
1. Harsh , piercing , acerbic or stinging .
2. * 1999 , [Neil Gaiman] , _Stardust_ , p.31 (Perennial paperback edition)
3.. *: It was at the end of February, [...] when the world was cold, and a BITTER wind howled down the moors [nb...] .
4. Hateful or hostile .
5. * [en]
6. * [passage=He inveighed against the folly of making oneself liable for the debts of others; vented many BITTER execrations against the brother; and concluded with wishing something could be done for the unfortunate family.]
7. * [Colossians]
8. Cynical and resentful .
***** Usage notes
- The one-word compared forms [en] , [en] are less common than their two-word counterparts [en] and [en] .
***** Synonyms
- [en] , [en]
- [cynical and resentful] [en]
***** Antonyms
- [cynical and resentful] [en]
***** Derived terms
{{col|en|bitter
tomato|bitterbrush|bitterbush|bittercress|bitterful|bitterish|bitterless|bitterling|bittermelon|bitterness|bitternut|bitterroot|bittersharp|bittersweet|bitterweed|bitterwood|bitterwort|debitter|debitterize|embitter|imbitter|nonbitter|overbitter|unbitter|Great
Bitter Lake |bitter pill to swallow|bitterly|bittersome|bitter almond|bitter
apple|bitter bark|bitter bolete|bitter cold|bitter cucumber|bitter
gourd|bitter herbs|bitter melon|bitter orange|bitter panicgrass|bitter
pill|bitter pit|bitter rot|bitter spar|bitter
vetch|bitter-cress|bitter-sweet|mild and bitter|sugarcoat a bitter
pill|swallow a bitter pill|take the bitter with the sweet|bitter bean|bitter
buchu|bitter chocolate}}
***** Descendants
- [srn]
***** Translations
[having an acrid taste]
- Aklanon: [akl]
- Albanian: [sq]
- Amharic: [am]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Argobba: [agj]
- Armenian: [hy] , [hy] , [hy]
- Aromanian: [rup]
- Assamese: [as]
- Asturian: [ast]
- Azerbaijani: [az] , [az]
- Basque: [eu]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Bengali: [bn]
- Bhojpuri: [bho]
- Bikol Central: [bcl]
- Breton: [br]
- Buginese: [bug]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Burmese: [my]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Cebuano: [ceb]
- Chamicuro: [ccc]
- Chechen: [ce]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Dalmatian: [dlm] , [dlm] , [dlm]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Dzongkha: [dz]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Estonian: [et] , [et]
- Even: [eve]
- Ewe: [ee]
- Faroese: [fo]
- Fijian: [fj]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Friulian: [fur] , [fur]
- Galician: [gl]
- Gallurese: [sdn]
- Georgian: [ka]
- German: [de] ; [in a pleasant way, as in beer] [de]
- Gothic: [got]
- Greek: [el]
- Guaraní: [gn]
- Hebrew: [he] , [he] , [he] , [he]
- Higaonon: [mba]
- Hiligaynon: [hil]
- Hindi: [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Icelandic: [is]
- Ido: [io]
- Indonesian: [id]
- Ingrian: [izh]
- Ingush: [inh]
- Interlingua: [ia]
- Irish: [ga] , [ga] , [ga]
- Italian: [it] , [it]
- Ivatan: [ivv]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Javanese: [jv]
- Kapampangan: [pam]
- Kazakh: [kk] , [kk]
- Khiamniungan Naga: [kix]
- Khmer: [km] , [km]
- Korean: [ko]
- Kurdish:
- Kyrgyz: [ky]
- Lao: [lo]
- Latgalian: [ltg]
- Latin: [la]
- Latvian: [lv] , [lv] , [lv]
- Lombard: [lmo] , [lmo]
- Low German: [nds]
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Makasar: [mak]
- Malay: [ms]
- Malayalam: [ml]
- Maltese: [mt]
- Manchu: [mnc]
- Mansaka: [msk]
- Mansi:
- Maranao: [mrw]
- Marathi: [mr]
- Mbyá Guaraní: [gun]
- Mongolian: [mn]
- Nanai: [gld]
- Naxi: [nxq]
- Norman: [nrf]
- Norwegian: [no]
- Nǀuu: [ngh]
- Occitan: [oc]
- Odia: [or] , [or]
- Ojibwe: [oj]
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old English: [ang]
- Old Javanese: [kaw]
- Ottoman Turkish: [ota]
- Persian: [fa]
- Plautdietsch: [pdt]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Quechua: [qu]
- Romanian: [ro]
- Russian: [ru]
- Sanskrit: [sa]
- Sardinian:
- Sassarese: [sdc]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: [scn]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Somali: [so]
- Sorbian:
- Spanish: [es] , [es] , [es] , [es] [disused]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Tajik: [tg]
- Tausug: [tsg]
- Tedim Chin: [ctd]
- Telugu: [te]
- Thai: [th]
- Tongan: [to]
- Turkish: [tr] , [tr] , [tr] , [tr] , [tr] , [tr] , [tr]
- Turkmen: [tk]
- Ugaritic: [uga]
- Ukrainian: [uk]
- Urdu: [ur]
- Uzbek: [uz]
- Vietnamese: [vi]
- Welsh: [cy]
- Yakut: [sah]
- Yiddish: [yi]
- Zazaki: [zza]
- Zou: [zom]
[trans-bottom]
[harsh, piercing or stinging]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Armenian: [hy] , [hy] , [hy] , [hy] , [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Chinese:
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr] , [fr]
- German: [de] , [de] , [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hindi: [hi] , [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Irish:
- Italian: [it] , [of weather] [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja] , [ja]
- Latin: [la]
- Marathi: [mr] , [mr]
- Ottoman Turkish: [ota]
- Portuguese: [pt] , [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
[trans-bottom]
[hateful or hostile]
- Arabic: [ar] , [ar]
- Armenian: [hy] , [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr] , [fr] , [hostile] [fr]
- German: [de] , [de] , [de] , [hostile] [de]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja] , [hostile] [ja]
- Khiamniungan Naga: [kix]
- Latin: [la]
- Maori: [mi] [referring to feelings and words]
- Marathi: [mr]
- Norwegian: [no]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
- Serbo-Croatian: [sh]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Telugu: [te]
[trans-bottom]
[cynical and resentful]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da] , [da]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Gothic: [got]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he] , [he]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Irish: [ga]
- Khiamniungan Naga: [kix]
- Latin: [la]
- Maori: [mi]
- Norwegian: [no]
- Ottoman Turkish: [ota]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Serbo-Croatian: [sh] , [sh]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[checktrans-top]
- Breton: [br]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Indonesian: [id] , [id]
- Interlingua: [ia] , [ia]
- Lithuanian: [lt]
- Urdu: [ur]
- Volapük: [vo]
- Woiwurrung: [wyi]
[trans-bottom]
***** See also
- [en]
**** Noun
[~]
1. [en] A liquid or powder, made from bitter herbs, used in mixed drinks or as a tonic.
2. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1773 | author=Oliver Goldsmith | title=s:She Stoops to Conquer
|passage=Thus I begin: "All is not gold that glitters,<br>"Pleasure seems
sweet, but proves a glass of BITTERS.}}
1. A type of beer heavily flavored with hops .
2. [en] A turn of a cable about the bitts .
***** Synonyms
- [beer] [en] , [en]
***** Derived terms
[en]
***** Translations
[liquid or powder used in mixed drinks or as tonic]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Chinese:
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Spanish: [es]
[trans-bottom]
[type of beer]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Danish: [da]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
***** See also
[table:tastes/en]
**** Verb
[en-verb]
1. To make bitter.
2. * [en]
***** Translations
[to make bitter]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
*** Etymology 2
From [en].
**** Noun
[en-noun]
1. [en] A hardware system whose architecture is based around units of the specified number of bit s [binary digits] .
2. * {{ quote-journal | en | year=1983 | journal=Computerworld | volume=17 | issue=49 | page=21
|passage=However, 16- BITTERS are far more expensive than the 8-bit variety.
And, unfortunately, have only a handful of business applications software
packages that really take advantage of them.}}
1. * {{ quote-text | en | year=1984 | title=Electronic Business | volume=10 | page=154
|passage=The company believes that the 32-bit market will almost equal that of
16- BITTERS by the end of the decade. Chip maker Zilog Inc., not a major
player in the 16-bit arena, is even more bullish about 32- BITTERS as it
readies its own version for market.}}
[en]
** Afrikaans
*** Etymology
[af] [af] From [af], from [af], from [af], from [af].
*** Pronunciation
- [af]
*** Adjective
[bitter]
1. [en] (having an acrid taste)
2. [en]
**** See also
[table:tastes/af]
** Danish
*** Etymology 1
[da] Borrowed from [da].
**** Adjective
[t]
1. [en] (all meanings)
***** Inflection
[bitr]
***** Related terms
- [da]
- [da]
**** See also
[table:tastes/da]
*** Etymology 2
A nominalization of the adjective.
**** Noun
[en]
1. [en] [the liquid used in drinks]
2. A bitter form of an aquavit
***** Inflection
[en]
*** Etymology 3
[da] Borrowed from [da].
**** Noun
[da]
1. [en] [type of beer - only known generally in Denmark for a few years]
[da]
** Dutch
*** Etymology
[nl] [nl] From [nl], from [nl], from [nl].
*** Pronunciation
- [nl]
- [nl]
- [nl]
- [nl]
*** Adjective
[nl-adj]
1. [en] (having an acrid taste)
2. bitter, embittered
**** Declension
[nl-decl-adj]
**** Derived terms
{{col|nl |bitterheid |bitterkoekje |bitterzoet |verbitteren }}
**** Descendants
- [af]
- [dcr]
- [hns]
- [srm]
- [srn]
**** See also
[list:tastes/nl]
*** Noun
[m]
1. bitters , a type of strong spirits made by steep ing (often bitter) herbs in brandy or jenever , traditionally considered a digestive drink
**** Usage notes
When used in a countable sense (a serving of _bitter_), the diminutive is the
usual form.
**** Derived terms
{{col|nl |bitterbal |bittergarnituur |oranjebitter |kruidenbitter }}
**** Descendants
- [af]
- [hns]
- [ca]
- [bor=1]
- [srm]
- [srn]
**** Further reading
- The article [Bitters] on Wikipedia
** Finnish
*** Etymology
From [fi].
*** Pronunciation
[bit%er]
*** Noun
[fi-noun]
1. bitter [type of beer]
**** Declension
[bitter]
*** Further reading
- [accessdate=2023-07-02]
** French
*** Pronunciation
- [fr-IPA]
- [fr]
- [fr]
- [fr]
- [fr]
- [fr]
*** Verb
[fr-verb]
1. [fr] to understand , usually used in negative form and especially with [fr]
**** Conjugation
[fr-conj-auto]
*** Further reading
- [R:fr:TLFi]
** German
*** Etymology
[de] [de] From [de], [gmh], from [de], from [de].
*** Pronunciation
- [de]
- [de]
*** Adjective
[de] [comp]
1. bitter
**** Declension
[comp]
**** Coordinate terms
[list:tastes/de]
**** Derived terms
- [de]
- [de]
- [de]
- [de]
**** See also
[table:tastes/de]
*** Adverb
[de-adv]
1. bitterly
*** Further reading
- [R:de:Duden]
- [R:de:DWDS]
- [R:de:Grimm]
[de]
** Italian
*** Etymology
[it], a clipping of [it].
*** Noun
[m]
1. bitters
** Middle Dutch
*** Etymology
[dum] [dum] From [dum], from [dum].
*** Pronunciation
- [dum]
*** Adjective
[dum-adj]
1. [en] [taste]
2. sad , painful
**** Inflection
[dum]
**** Descendants
- [nl]
- [li]
*** Further reading
- [ID90403]
- [04518]
[dum]
** Norwegian Bokmål
*** Etymology
[nb] From [nb] and [nb].
*** Adjective
[nb]
1. [en]
**** Derived terms
- [nb]
*** References
- [R:The Bokmål Dictionary]
** Norwegian Nynorsk
*** Etymology
[nn] From [nn] and [nn].
*** Adjective
[nn]
1. [en]
*** References
- [R:The Nynorsk Dictionary]
** Old Dutch
*** Etymology
From [odt], from [odt].
*** Adjective
[odt-adj]
1. bitter
**** Inflection
[bitter]
**** Descendants
- [dum]
**** Further reading
- [1437]
** Old English
*** Pronunciation
- [bitter]
*** Adjective
[ang-adj]
1. [ang]
**** Declension
[bitter]
** Old High German
*** Pronunciation
- [goh]
*** Adjective
[goh-adj]
1. [goh]
*** References
- Joseph Wright, _An Old High German Primer_
** Swedish
*** Etymology
[sv] From [sv] (partly through the influence of [sv]), from [sv].
*** Pronunciation
- [sv]
*** Adjective
[bittrare]
1. [en] ; having an acrid taste
2. [en] ; hateful
3. [en] ; resentful
**** Declension
[3=bittr]
**** See also
- [sv]
*** References
- [so]
- [saol]
- [saob]
*** Anagrams
- [sv]
[sv]