From en.wiktionary.org:
[Action]
** English
*** Etymology
[en] From [en], [enm], from [en], [fro], from [en], from [la] + action suffix
[la], perfect passive participle of [la], ultimately from [en]; see also [en],
[en]. [+suf].
*** Pronunciation
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
- [en]
<!-- 2 syllable words !-->
- [en]
*** Noun
[~]
1. The effort of performing or doing something.
2. Something done , often so as to accomplish a purpose .
3. A way of motion or functioning.
4. Fast-paced activity .
5. The way in which a mechanical device acts when used; especially a firearm .
1. [en] The way in which cartridge s are load ed, lock ed, and extract ed from the mechanism .
6. [en] The mechanism , that is the set of moving mechanical parts, of a keyboard instrument, like a piano , which transfers the motion of the key to the sound-making device . [1]
7. [en] The distance separating the string s and the fingerboard on a string instrument .
8. [en] Sexual intercourse .
9. [en] Combat .
10. [en] A charge or other process in a law court (also called [en] and _actio_ ).
11. [en] A way in which each element of some algebraic structure transforms some other structure or set , in a way which respects the structure of the first. Formally, this may be seen as a morphism from the first structure into some structure of endomorphisms of the second; for example, a group action of a group _G_ on a set _S_ can be seen as a group homomorphism from _G_ into the set of bijections on _S_ (which form a group under function composition ), while a module _M_ over a ring _R_ can be defined as an abelian group together with a ring homomorphism from _R_ into the ring of group endomorphisms of _M_ (which is also called the _action_ of _R_ on _M_ ).
12. [en] [en] The product of energy and time , especially the product of the Lagrangian and time.
13. [en] The event or connected series of events, either real or imaginary, forming the subject of a play, poem, or other composition; the unfolding of the drama of events.
14. [en] The attitude or position of the several parts of the body as expressive of the sentiment or passion depicted.
15. [en] spin put on the bowling ball.
16. [en] A share in the capital stock of a joint-stock company, or in the public funds.
17. * [volume=IV]
18. * [passage=the Euripus of funds and ACTIONS]
19. [en] A religious performance or solemn function, i.e. action sermon , a sacramental sermon in the Scots Presbyterian Church.
20. * {{ quote-book | en | year=2008 | author=Duncan B. Forrester; Doug Gay | title=Worship and Liturgy in Context | publisher=scm Press | page=88
|passage=The ACTION Sermon is quite simply, then, the eucharistic sermon.}}
1. [en] A process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings).
2. [en] Purposeful behavior.
3. A demonstration by activist s.
4. * [en]
**** Synonyms
- [something done] [en] ; see also Thesaurus:action
**** Hyponyms
{{col4 |en|action at a distance |direct action |social action }}
**** Derived terms
{{col4|en|title=Terms derived from _action_ (noun) |collective action|jump
into action|labor action|no further action|swing into action |Peabody
action|action teaching|labour
action|actant|actionable|actional|actionee|actionfest|actionism|actionist|actionize|actionless|actionlet|actionlike|actionness|ActionScript|actiony|actious|backaction|bioaction|counteraction|ecoaction|geriaction|hyperaction|inaction|microaction|misaction|nonaction|overaction|preaction|retroaction|romaction|subaction|superaction|underaction|chose
in action |Phineas action|action-forcing|slide action|action sport |action
adventure|no-action letter|party to the action |action doll|action
game|quantum of action |action figure |action film |action group |action hoe
|action house |action man |action noun |action painter |action painting
|action plan |action point |action potential |action replay |action research
|action song |action stations |action verb |action word |action-packed
|affirmative action |after-action |all talk and no action |alternate action
|apefirmative action |back action |bolt action |bolt-action |call to action
|capillary action |cause of action |civil action |class action |class-action
|coaction |course of action |cowboy action shooting |cross action |double
action |double-action |evasive action |falling action |false action |galvanic
action |general intelligent action |get action |grand action |holding action
|in action |industrial action |job action |killed in action |leap into action
|legal action |lever action |live action |material action |plan of action
|play-action pass |police action |popular action |positive action |principle
of least action |pump action |put into action |radius of action |repose in
action |representative action |secondary action |self-action |shareholders'
derivative action |spooky action at a distance |spring into action
|stop-action |suit the action to the word |unity of action |western action
shooting |zone of action |actioner |action hero |action item |action movie
|action space |action star |actions speak louder than words |enemy action
|lights, camera, action |lost in action |man of action |missing in action |out
of action |piece of the action |pre-action |rearguard action |rising action
|take action |permissive-action link |unaction }}
**** Related terms
{{col3|en|title=Terms etymologically related to _action_ (noun) |act |agent
|agency }}
**** Descendants
- [ar]
- [bg]
- [de]
- [ga]
- [he]
- [ja]
- [ko]
- [ru]
- [sv]
**** Translations
[effort of performing or doing something]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[something done so as to accomplish a purpose]
- Afrikaans: [af]
- Albanian: [sq]
- American Sign Language: [ase] , [ase]
- Arabic: [ar]
- Armenian: [hy] , [hy]
- Bashkir: [ba]
- Belarusian: [be]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Corsican: [co] , [co]
- Czech: [cs]
- Danish: [da]
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl]
- Egyptian: [st-ꜥ]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Estonian: [et]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Galician: [gl]
- Georgian: [ka] , [ka]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el] , [el]
- Hausa: [ha]
- Hebrew: [he] , [he]
- Hindi: [hi] , [hi] , [hi] , [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Ido: [io]
- Indonesian: [id] , [id]
- Interlingua: [ia]
- Irish: [ga]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Kaitag: [xdq]
- Khmer: [km] , [km] , [km]
- Korean: [ko]
- Lao: [lo] , [lo]
- Latin: [la] , [la]
- Low German:
- Macedonian: [mk]
- Malay: [ms] , [ms]
- Malayalam: [ml] , [ml]
- Maltese: [mt]
- Maori: [mi]
- Ngazidja Comorian: [zdj]
- Old English: [ang]
- Ottoman Turkish: [ota]
- Persian: [fa] , [fa] , [fa] , [fa]
- Polish: [pl] , [pl] , [pl] , [pl] , [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Romanian: [ro] , [ro]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
- Sanskrit: [sa]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: [scn]
- Slovak: [sk]
- Slovene: [sl]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Tagalog: [tl]
- Tajik: [tg]
- Thai: [th] , [th]
- Tibetan: [bo]
- Tocharian B: [txb] , [txb]
- Turkish: [tr] , [tr] , [tr] , [tr]
- Ukrainian: [uk] , [uk]
- Uzbek: [uz]
- Vietnamese: [vi]
- Volapük: [vo] , [vo]
[trans-bottom]
[way of motion or functioning]
- Afar: [aa]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Burmese: [my]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Dutch: [nl] , [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de] , [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hindi: [hi] , [hi] , [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu] , [hu] , [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Ido: [io] , [io]
- Interlingua: [ia]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Korean: [ko]
- Lao: [lo]
- Latin: [la]
- Maori: [mi]
- Persian: [fa]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru] , [ru]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Tagalog: [tl] , [tl]
- Thai: [th]
- Vietnamese: [vi]
[trans-bottom]
[fast-paced activity]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Czech: [cs]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu]
- Ido: [io]
- Interlingua: [ia]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Korean: [ko]
- Low German:
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Swedish: [sv]
[trans-bottom]
[music: set of moving mechanical parts of a keyboard instrument]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[music: distance separating the strings and the fretboard]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[slang: intercourse]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] ; [fi]
- Korean: [ko]
- Swedish: [sv]
- Turkish: [tr]
[trans-bottom]
[military: combat]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg] , [bg]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi] , [fi]
- French: [fr]
- German: [de]
- Hindi: [hi] , [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Ido: [io]
- Irish: [ga]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja] , [ja]
- Korean: [ko] , [ko]
- Persian: [fa]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru] , [ru]
- Scottish Gaelic: [gd]
[trans-bottom]
[law: charge]
- Armenian: [hy]
- Bulgarian: [bg]
- Catalan: [ca]
- Chinese:
- Czech: [cs]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr] , [fr]
- German: [de]
- Greek: [el] [civil law] , [el] [criminal law]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hindi: [hi]
- Hungarian: [hu] , [hu] , [hu]
- Irish: [ga]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Korean: [ko]
- Latin: [la]
- Ottoman Turkish: [ota]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Spanish: [es]
[trans-bottom]
[mathematics: type of mapping]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Norwegian:
[trans-bottom]
[physics: product of energy and time]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[unfolding of the drama of events]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[painting and sculpture: attitude or position of the several parts of the
body]
- Finnish: [fi]
[trans-bottom]
[bowling: spin]
- Finnish: [fi] ; [fi] [slang]
[trans-bottom]
[share in the capital stock]
[checktrans-top]
- Esperanto: [eo]
- Georgian: [ka]
- Indonesian: [id] , [id]
- Irish: [ga]
[trans-bottom]
**** See also
- [en]
- Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take
**** References
- [pedia]
*** Interjection
[action!]
1. [en] [Demanding or signifying the start of something, usually a performance .]
**** Translations
[signifying the start of something]
- Dutch: [nl]
- Finnish: [fi]
- French: [fr]
- Greek: [el]
- Hebrew: [he]
- Hungarian: [hu]
- Italian: [it]
- Japanese: [ja]
- Korean: [ko]
- Polish: [pl]
- Portuguese: [pt]
- Russian: [ru]
- Spanish: [es]
- Swedish: [sv] , [sv] , [sv]
[trans-bottom]
*** Adjective
[en-adj]
1. [en] arrogant
*** Verb
[en-verb]
1. [en] To act on a request etc, in order to put it into effect .
2. * {{ quote-book | en | year=2004
|publisher=Pearson Education |author=Ros Jay; Richard Templar |title=Fast
Thinking Manager's Manual |edition=2nd |chapter=Fast thinking: project
|section=Fast Thinking Leader
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Bf67b7GL9NoC&pg=PA276&dq=%22I%27ll+action%22&hl=en&ei=_Y89TPWXJpGUjAe-5NX4Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCQQ6AEwADgK#v=onepage&q=%22I%27ll%20action%22&f=false
|isbn=9780273681052 |page=276 |passage=‘Here, give me the minutes of Monday’s
meeting. I’ll ACTION your points for you while you get on and sort out the
open day.’}}
1. * {{ quote-book | en | year=2005
|publisher=Routledge |author=Fritz Liebreich |title=Britain's Navel and
Political Reaction to the Illegal Immigration of Jews to Palestine, 1945-1948
|chapter=The physical confrontation: interception and diversion policies in
theory and practice
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=LsgnW34jp90C&pg=PA196&dq=%22actioning+the+new%22&hl=en&ei=DZk9TNjtL4qQjAfHz9D4Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22actioning%20the%20new%22&f=false
|isbn=9780714656373 |page=196 |passage=Violent reactions from the Jewish
authorities were expected and difficulties of ACTIONING the new guidelines
were foreseen.}}
1. * {{ quote-book | en | year=2007
|publisher=The Stationery Office |editor= |author=Great Britain: Parliamentary
and Health Service Ombudsman |title=Tax Credits: Getting it wrong? 5th report
session 2006-2007 |chapter=Case study: 11257 |section=Chapter 2: Changes and
developments since June 2005
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=qg9fsKJT0BIC&pg=PA26&dq=%22actioned+him%7Cher%7Cthem%22&hl=en&ei=6JE9TOLeGouOjAfR_8H4Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22actioned%20him%7Cher%7Cthem%22&f=false
|isbn=9780102951172 |page=26 |passage=HMRC said that one reason they had not
ACTIONED her appeal was because she had said in her appeal form ‘I am
appealing against the overpayment for childcare for 2003-04, 2004-05’, thus
implying she was disputing her ‘overpayment’.}}
1. * [en-GB]
2. [en] To initiate a legal action against someone.
3. * {{ quote-book | en | year=1856
|publisher=Stringer & Townsend |author=Thomas Chandler Haliburton |title=The
Attaché: or Sam Slick in England |section=Chapter XLVII: The Horse Stealer; or
All Trades Have Tricks But Our Own |edition=new revised
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=jEggAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA270&dq=%22I%27ll+action%22&hl=en&ei=4Y89TIHpK9C6jAeKjLj4Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDkQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=%22I%27ll%20action%22&f=false
|page=270 |passage=‘I have no business to settle with you—arrest me, Sir, at
your peril and I’ll ACTION you in law for false imprisonment.’}}
1. * {{ quote-book | en | year=1844
|year_published= |publisher=T. C. Newby |author=Robert Mackenzie Daniel
|title=The Grave Digger: A novel by the author of The Scottish Heiress
|volume=I |section=Chapter IX: How the Grave-differ entertained a lady
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ZN8DAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA2-PA190&dq=%22actioned+him%7Cher%7Cthem%22&hl=en&ei=6JE9TOLeGouOjAfR_8H4Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=%22actioned%20him%7Cher%7Cthem%22&f=false
|pages=189–190 |passage=“Scrip threatened me at first with an action for
slander—he spoke of actions to the wrong man though—action! no, no no. I
should have ACTIONED him—ha! ha! [...]”}}
1. * {{ quote-book | en | year=1871
|year_published=2002 |publisher=Oxford University Press US |author=Michael
Shermer |quotee=w:Alfred Russell Wallace |title=In Darwin’s shadow: The Life
and Science of Alfred Russell Wallace |section=Chapter 10. Heretic
Personality
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=AhKHGEp857QC&pg=PA261&dq=%22actioned+him%7Cher%7Cthem%22&hl=en&ei=6JE9TOLeGouOjAfR_8H4Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22actioned%20him%22&f=false
|isbn=9780195148305 |page=261 |passage=I have ACTIONED him for Libel, but he
won’t plead, and says he will make himself bankrupt & won’t pay a penny.}}
1. * {{ quote-book | en | year=1996
|publisher=Boydell & Brewer |author=Darryl Mark Ogier |title=Reformation and
Society in Guernsey |chapter=Discipline: Enforcement |section=Part Two: The
Calvinist Regime
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=kBDT2ZJPLOYC&pg=PA148&dq=%22she+actioned%22&hl=en&ei=I5A9TJu4K8K5jAfO8MD4Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22she%20actioned%22&f=false
|isbn=9780851156033 |page=148 |passage=In 1589 the Court went so far as to
effect a reconciliation between Michel le Petevin and his wife after she
ACTIONED him for ill treatment and adultery with their chambermaid.}}
**** Usage notes
- Use of [en] as a verb is rejected by some usage authorities, as in _Dismissal will be ACTION ed as soon as the employee violates this rule_ [2]
*** References
- [R:OED2]
References:
[1]. Marshall Cavendish Corporation _Growing Up with Science_ (see http://books.google.com/books?id=pxgiFygAblQC&pg=PA1079) p.1079
[2]. [page=3] .
*** Further reading
- [R:Webster 1913]
- [R:Century 1911]
*** Anagrams
- [en]
[en]
** French
*** Etymology
From [fr], [fro], etymologically reconstructed in [fr] to resemble the [fr].
*** Pronunciation
- [fr-IPA]
- [fr]
- [fr]
- [fr]
- [fr]
- [fr]
- [fr]
- [fr]
- [fr]
*** Noun
[f]
1. [en] , act , deed
2. campaign
3. stock , share
4. [fr] a special offer
**** Derived terms
{{col3|fr |action de grâce |Action démocratique |bonne action |dans le feu de
l'action |entrer en action |plan d'action |rayon d'action |silence, moteur,
action }}
**** Descendants
- [ht-sdm]
- [ota]
- [ro]
*** Further reading
- [R:fr:TLFi]
*** Anagrams
- [fr] , [fr]
** Interlingua
*** Noun
[es]
1. [en]
**** Related terms
- [ia]
- [ia]
** Middle English
*** Noun
[enm]
1. [enm]
** Middle French
*** Etymology
From [frm], [fro], etymologically reconstructed to resemble the [frm].
*** Noun
[f]
1. [en] ; act
**** Descendants
- [fr]
** Scots
*** Etymology
From [sco].
*** Pronunciation
- [sco]
*** Noun
[s]
1. [en]
*** Verb
[sco-verb]
1. to [en]
*** References
- Eagle, Andy, ed. (2016) _The Online Scots Dictionary (see https://web.archive.org/web/20181208134857/http://scots-online.org/dictionary/index.asp) _ , Scots Online.
** Swedish
[lang=sv]
*** Noun
[c]
1. [en] [intense activity]
2. [sv] [sv]
**** Derived terms
- [sv]
- [sv]
**** See also
- [sv]
- [sv]
*** References
- [so]
- [saol]