From en.wiktionary.org:
[end]
** English
*** Alternative forms
- -and
*** Etymology
From [en], a gerundive ending, related to [la].
*** Suffix
[en-suffix]
1. Forming nouns denoting patient s or recipient s of action s.
**** Synonyms
- [a patient] -and , -ee , -ed
**** Antonyms
- [a patient] -er , -or , -ing
**** Derived terms
[en]
*** Anagrams
- [en]
** German
*** Etymology
From [de], from [de], [goh], from [de], from [de]. Cognate with [nl], [ang].
See [en], [en] for more.
The gerundive use of the present participle goes back to the dative form of
the Middle High German infinitive, which was sometimes enhanced with _-d-_
through interaction with the present participle: [gmh]. Placed before the
noun, this construction was then reinterpreted as actually involving a
participle, which lead to grammatical agreement: [gmh], and thus by analogy
[gmh]. Compare the etymologically correct construction in [nl].
*** Pronunciation
- [de]
- [de]
*** Suffix
[de]
1. [A suffix forming the present participle of German verbs, analogous to [en] .]
** Hungarian
*** Etymology
From [hu].[1][2]
*** Pronunciation
- [hu-IPA]
*** Suffix
[hu]
1. [hu] [hu] [Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning.]
2. [hu] [hu] [hu] [Added to a verb to form the future tense .]
**** Usage notes
- [both senses] Variants:
**** Derived terms
- [hu]
*** References
References:
[1]. [R:Zaicz 2006]
[2]. [page=145]
** Ojibwe
*** Final
[oj]
1. act by thought on
2. perceive by thought
3. feel in the mind
**** Derived terms
{{col|oj |andawendan<t:need, want> |ganawendan<t:take care of, protect, keep>
|gikendan<t:know, realize, find out> |inendam<t:think, decide, agree, consent>
|maamakaadendaagwad<t:be amazing, astonishing> |maanendam<t:feel bad,
depressed> |minwendam<t:be happy, joyous, have a good time> }}
*** References
- The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/word-part/end-final
** Old English
*** Alternative forms
- [ang]
*** Etymology
From [ang], from [ang], taken from the present participle form of verbs. See
[ang].
*** Pronunciation
- [-end]
*** Suffix
[ang-suffix]
1. suffix denoting the agent of an action; -er
**** Declension
[-end]
**** Synonyms
- [ang]
- [ang]
**** Derived terms
[ang]
**** Related terms
- [ang]
**** Descendants
- [enm]