From en.wikipedia.org:
[1844 Paris newspaper] [text=the Jewish-American weekly newspaper _Forverts_
("The Forward"), or _Vorwärts_ , the main journal of the Social Democratic
Party of Germany , or " Vorwärts! Vorwärts! ", the Nazi-youth song] [italic
title] [date=March 2020] _VORWÄRTS!_ ([de], _Forward!_) was a biweekly
newspaper published in Paris from January to December 1844.<ref
name=whe66-68/>[1] The journal was seen as "the most radical" in contemporary
Europe.[2] The newspaper circulation was about a thousand copies. It had a
subtitle _Pariser Signale aus Kunst, Wissenschaft, Theater, Musik, Literatur
und geselligem Leben_ (Paris signals from the arts, science, theater, music,
literature and social life). From 3 July 1844 the title changed to _Vorwärts.
Pariser Deutsche Zeitschrift_ (Forward. Paris German journal).
The journal was sponsored by the composer Giacomo Meyerbeer and edited by Karl
Ludwig Bernays.<ref name=whe66-68/> The publisher of the journal was Heinrich
Börnstein (Henry Boernstein).<ref name=whe66-68/> It was the only uncensored
radical paper in the German language published in contemporary Europe.<ref
name=whe66-68/> The journal published many polemicists, such as Heinrich
Heine, Georg Herwegh, Mikhail Bakunin and Arnold Ruge, many of them German
political emigres to France,.<ref name=whe66-68/> Collaborators also included
Friedrich Engels, Georg Weerth and Georg Weber. One of those who wrote for it
was Karl Marx; he would have an increasingly important role in editing the
journal, particularly from the summer of 1844.[3]<ref name="Marx1992"/> Marx
and many others joined Vorwärts! after the closure of _Deutsch-Französische
Jahrbücher_.<ref name="Börnstein1997"/> Many of the activists associated with
the paper were also related to the German revolutionary socialist group known
as the Communist League.
One of Heine's well-known works, "The Silesian Weavers", premiered in
_Vorwärts!_.<ref name=whe66-68/>
The newspaper was critical of the situation in Prussia and was closed in
January 1845 after the Prussian king, Friedrich Wilhelm IV, protested at the
"outrageous insults and libels" published in the newspaper to the French king,
Louis Philippe.<ref name="Marx1992"/>[4] Marx was expelled from France as part
of the resulting commotion, Bernays was imprisoned for two months, and
Boernstein made a deal with the authorities.[5]<ref name="whe90"/>
** References
Footnotes
[Reflist]
** External links
- Articles by Marx and Engels in _Vorwärts!_ (see https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/subject/newspapers/vorwarts.htm)
[Authority control]
[DEFAULTSORT:Vorwarts!] Category:1844 establishments in France Category:1844
disestablishments in France Category:Defunct newspapers published in France
Category:Defunct German-language newspapers published in Europe
Category:Newspapers published in Paris Category:Newspapers established in 1844
Category:Publications disestablished in 1844 Category:Socialist newspapers
Category:Defunct biweekly newspapers Category:Daily newspapers published in
France